Back美國對伊朗航空業祭出36項新制裁 鎖定馬漢航空及跨國採購網絡
美國對伊朗航空業祭出36項新制裁 鎖定馬漢航空及跨國採購網絡
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自由时报52 minutes agoWorld3 min readChina

美國對伊朗航空業祭出36項新制裁 鎖定馬漢航空及跨國採購網絡

美國財政部宣布對伊朗祭出36項新制裁,目標直指伊朗航空業及協助取得美製飛機與敏感技術的採購網絡,長期遭制裁的馬漢航空為主要對象。

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美國財政部8日對伊朗祭出36項新制裁,鎖定伊朗航空業及協助取得美製飛機與敏感技術的採購網絡,長期受制裁的馬漢航空為主要對象,並撤銷非美籍航空執飛伊朗航線的通用授權。

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美國長期對伊朗實施制裁,馬漢航空為多次被點名的主要對象之一。

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伊朗馬漢航空(Mahan Air)客機,降落葉門荷台達機場的畫面。

美國財政部8日對伊朗祭出36項新制裁,目標直指伊朗航空業及協助取得美製飛機、敏感技術的採購網絡,長期遭美國制裁的馬漢航空(Mahan Air)也成為此次行動的主要對象。

路透報導,美國財政部外國資產管制辦公室(OFAC)同步撤銷3項原先允許非美籍航空使用美製飛機,執飛伊朗航線、或飛越伊朗領空的通用授權。美國財政部並指稱,伊朗革命衛隊長期利用包括馬漢航空在內的航空公司運送人員、武器及其他非法貨物,馬漢航空也被指,透過海外網絡取得美製飛機與零組件。

財政部指出,馬漢航空今年夏天至少透過阿拉伯聯合大公國與阿曼,取得3架波音777客機,相關飛機在轉移至馬漢航空前經由第三國公司處理註冊與交接。此次制裁也鎖定協助馬漢航空處理國際航班、貨運及採購的海外公司與中介機構。

從航權到零件 美方一路卡到海外運作

曾任美國財政部制裁官員的華府智庫專家馬勒基(Miad Maleki)表示,這項措施將衝擊由杜拜、杜哈與伊斯坦堡飛往德黑蘭的航班,這3個城市是伊朗與外界往來的重要航空轉運點。

此外,美方也取消部分原先允許民航業者取得飛行安全零件、燃油及緊急維修服務的授權,伊朗航空公司在海外取得美製零組件及技術支援,也將受到更多限制。

此次制裁對象不只伊朗航空公司,還包括位於土耳其、阿拉伯聯合大公國、馬來西亞及哈薩克等地的空殼公司、貨運代理商與中介機構。美方指稱,這些實體協助伊朗取得美製飛機、航空零組件及其他敏感技術,或協助規避美國制裁。

路透報導,這波措施也把制裁範圍延伸至伊朗航空業維持機隊運作所需的跨國採購管道。美國財政部表示,此次行動在既有針對馬漢航空的制裁基礎上,進一步鎖定其他伊朗航空公司及相關外國實體。

Open Questions

  • 受制裁的海外空殼公司將如何應對?
  • 伊朗航空業能否找到替代的零件採購管道?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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