
美国加州大学尔湾分校领导的研究发现,果糖在小肠中的代谢会改变肠道菌群并促使乳糜管生长,从而增加脂肪吸收。实验显示,阻断果糖代谢的小鼠体重和脂肪增加较少,胰岛素敏感度更好。研究人员指出,目前证据仅来自高剂量果糖的小鼠实验,不能直接推断至人体,未来仍需人体研究确认。
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高果糖玉米糖浆(HFCS)广泛用于含糖饮料和加工食品,与肥胖相关,但其确切机制尚未完全阐明。
2026/09/05 13:23
手搖飲搭配炸物,這類高糖、高油脂飲食組合常見於日常飲食;最新研究探討果糖在小腸代謝後,可能進一步影響脂肪吸收。(取自Pexels)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕以為喝甜飲只是熱量多?美國最新研究發現,果糖在小腸中的代謝反應,可能進一步促使身體吸收食物中的脂肪,揭示高果糖玉米糖漿(HFCS)與肥胖之間另一條過去較少受到注意的途徑。
科技新聞網站《ScienceAlert》報導,這項由美國加州大學爾灣分校(UC Irvine)主導的研究,8月28日發表於期刊《科學先驅》(Science Advances)。研究團隊以基因改造小鼠實驗發現,阻斷小腸代謝果糖的能力後,小鼠攝取高劑量高果糖玉米糖漿時,體重與脂肪增加幅度較小,胰島素敏感度也較佳。
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果糖牽動腸道菌 乳糜管跟著改變
研究團隊進一步發現,果糖在小腸代謝時會改變腸道菌相,連帶影響巨噬細胞,進而促使負責吸收脂肪的微小淋巴管「乳糜管」(lacteals)生長。反之,小鼠缺乏代謝果糖的關鍵酵素KHK-C時,迴腸乳糜管會縮短,脂肪吸收量也下降,部分膳食脂肪則隨糞便排出。後續腸道菌移植實驗,也支持腸道菌相參與這條代謝鏈。
研究人員提醒,目前證據仍來自高劑量果糖的小鼠實驗,不能直接推論人體也會出現相同程度的脂肪吸收變化,民眾也不應自行使用抑制果糖代謝的藥物。未來仍需人體研究確認這項機轉,在此之前,減少含糖飲料與高果糖糖漿攝取,仍是較直接的健康做法。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
未来将开展人体临床试验以验证果糖代谢对脂肪吸收的影响
Likely · Within months

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