Breaking
TRThe National Women's Volleyball Team defeated Serbia 3-0 and advanced to the CEV European Championship final.TRRetired police officer Ekrem Akyol committed suicide by shooting martyred police officer Mehmet Ali Topatan during traffic control.INEast Zone batsmen dominate with boundaries in cricket matchAUPolice name man wanted for axe attack on family in GippslandTRTrabzonspor Hosts Gençlerbirliği in the 4th Week of the Super LeagueTR13 dead, 15 missing in ship disaster off the coast of Kyrenia; identities determinedTRSaxony-Anhalt Election: AfD Leads with 42 Percent, Could Lead to a Historic Far-Right TakeoverINTLHundreds of flights canceled at Jakarta airport after Anak Krakatau eruptionKRCoach Jeong Yun-jin returns to the U-18 national team after 13 years... Confidence in winning while wary of Taiwan and JapanCN"The Elephant Is Coming..." debuts at the Taipei Arts Festival, attracting thousands of viewers. Tonight's second performance time and viewing methods are organizedTRThe National Women's Volleyball Team defeated Serbia 3-0 and advanced to the CEV European Championship final.TRRetired police officer Ekrem Akyol committed suicide by shooting martyred police officer Mehmet Ali Topatan during traffic control.INEast Zone batsmen dominate with boundaries in cricket matchAUPolice name man wanted for axe attack on family in GippslandTRTrabzonspor Hosts Gençlerbirliği in the 4th Week of the Super LeagueTR13 dead, 15 missing in ship disaster off the coast of Kyrenia; identities determinedTRSaxony-Anhalt Election: AfD Leads with 42 Percent, Could Lead to a Historic Far-Right TakeoverINTLHundreds of flights canceled at Jakarta airport after Anak Krakatau eruptionKRCoach Jeong Yun-jin returns to the U-18 national team after 13 years... Confidence in winning while wary of Taiwan and JapanCN"The Elephant Is Coming..." debuts at the Taipei Arts Festival, attracting thousands of viewers. Tonight's second performance time and viewing methods are organized
Back居家健身器械使用误区及安全指南
居家健身器械使用误区及安全指南
Developing
中国新闻网3 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

居家健身器械使用误区及安全指南

Quick Look

文章指出,居家使用哑铃、壶铃、弹力带等健身器械时,常见错误包括盲目追求大重量、动作变形和忽视热身,导致肩袖损伤、腰椎不适甚至关节和半月板撕裂。专家强调应优先保证动作质量,遵循安全准则如避免连续两天练同一部位、规范热身拉伸、区分正常酸胀与损伤疼痛,并针对特殊人群如产后女性、中老年人和上班族给出建议。出现疼痛弧、腰部酸胀或膝盖肿胀等信号应立即停练并就医。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

随着居家健身兴起,哑铃、弹力带等小器械成为常见选择,但错误使用方式导致运动损伤增多,门诊相关病例不少见。

Font size

很多人会用一些健身器械

比如哑铃、弹力带、壶铃等

跟着视频居家锻炼

本想着强身健体

却练出肩袖损伤、腰椎不适

甚至引发关节、半月板损伤

门诊里这类损伤病例并不少见

问题大多不是器械本身伤人

而是训练时机不对、动作方式出错

我们逐一拆解6种居家器械

哪些人不适合练?

怎样锻炼相对安全?

出现哪些信号要立刻停练?

01

6种居家小器械的使用误区一定要避开

1.哑铃:切勿盲目追求大重量

哑铃是家里很常见的器械。很多人觉得,哑铃越重,练着越有感觉、效果越好,不少人直接选10公斤甚至更重的。

专家做过对比:同一动作,用10公斤时斜方肌上束就代偿了,动作明显变形;换2公斤时,动作标准,目标肌肉精准发力。

一般来说,女性建议选2~5公斤的哑铃,男性建议选5~10公斤。具体需要结合自身肌力酌情调整,优先保证动作质量,再选择合适的负重。

出现这种感觉必须停:肩膀前外侧疼痛,尤其抬手到60°~120°这个范围里出现刺痛,老百姓常说的“胳膊抬到一半像被扎了一下”,这在医学上有个说法叫“疼痛弧”,是肩峰下撞击的典型表现。不要抱有“再坚持一下就能过去”的想法,出现这种情况应立刻停止,不要自行判断或盲目处理,建议及时到运动医学门诊就诊。

2.壶铃:门槛偏高,谨防腰部代偿损伤

壶铃是居家小器械里技术门槛较高的一类器械。

正确练法要依靠“顶髋”完成,由臀大肌发力,同时保持核心稳定。但很多久坐的人,臀大肌长期处于“休眠”状态,髋关节灵活性不足,身体就会自动借用腰椎代偿发力,进而引发腰椎小关节紊乱、棘间韧带损伤,还会大幅增加椎间盘负荷。

出现这种感觉必须停:壶铃摆动过程中臀部没有感觉,反而腰部出现明显酸胀疼痛。这并不是“练到位”,而是腰部在代替臀部发力,要立刻停止练习。

特别提醒:有腰椎间盘突出病史的人,使用壶铃的潜在风险远大于收益,建议谨慎选择。

3.弹力带:实用性强,但别忽略老化风险

弹力带是节目中专家比较推荐的一种居家训练器械。

它的阻力方向可以灵活调节,阻力曲线柔和,能够渐进增加负荷,对关节的冲击力相对较小,有助于降低运动损伤发生概率。久坐臀塌、肩颈僵硬、经常崴脚的人群,可酌情选用。

有2个安全细节,专家专门强调:

①弹力带会出现老化。使用久了表面会产生微裂纹,一旦断裂,回弹的力度不容小觑。这种意外并非个例,专家提到,急诊曾出现弹力带断裂弹到眼部,造成角膜擦伤的病例。所以,如果弹力带有毛边、小裂口,就要立刻换新,不要凑合使用。

②固定点要牢固。不要将弹力带挂在椅背这类不稳定物体上,一旦椅子发生倾倒,摔倒带来的损伤可能会更为严重,固定之前一定要检查固定点位是否稳固。

4.弹力圈:可辅助护膝,错误动作易伤关节

弹力圈的主要作用是激活臀中肌,对帮助重建膝关节正确力线有一定辅助作用。

它的正确练习动作为横向螃蟹步走、蚌式开合。但有一个常见误区:有人佩戴弹力圈做深蹲,并且下蹲角度过大。当下蹲角度超过90°以后,髌骨承受的压力会急剧升高,容易造成软骨磨损、半月板后角撕裂。

出现这种感觉必须停:做完弹力圈训练,如果膝盖前方出现肿胀,或是膝盖发胀、弯曲时有顶胀感,说明训练刺激已经超出软骨的承受能力,可以适当减少训练幅度和组数。若减量之后依旧肿胀,建议前往医院完善髌骨轴位片或者膝关节核磁共振检查,评估髌骨关节的状态,不要硬扛继续训练。

5.瑜伽球:能辅助练核心,存在明确使用禁忌

瑜伽球的核心特点是“不稳定性”,人坐在或者靠在球上做动作时,身体为维持平衡,可以促使多裂肌、腹横肌这类深层稳定肌群参与工作。

对于久坐塌腰、腰腹力量偏弱的人群,它可以作为锻炼工具,但有部分人群并不适合练习:处于腰椎间盘突出急性期,或是腰痛同时伴随腿部放射痛的患者,不要使用瑜伽球。有腰椎间盘突出病史的人,使用瑜伽球开展训练前建议先咨询医生。患有骨质疏松的老年人,不建议在瑜伽球上做双脚离地的动作。

6.平衡盘:练脚踝稳定性,防摔倒优先

平衡盘主要用来训练踝关节本体感觉,对改善容易崴脚的情况有辅助作用。练习时可以先双脚站立,适应之后再过渡到单脚站立。睁眼练习熟练后,再进阶为闭眼练习。平衡盘充气不宜过满,保留30%左右的形变空间,踩踏后应有轻微凹陷。如果充气过满、盘面过硬,就和站在平地上没有区别,起不到训练效果。

这些情况不要练:踝关节处于急性扭伤、红肿热痛阶段时禁止使用,要等到肿胀完全消退、关节活动恢复正常之后再练习。患有骨质疏松的老年人,不建议做单脚站立练习,避免摔倒发生骨折。

02

居家器械训练 牢记3条安全准则

1.避免连续两天训练同一肌肉群

一周3~4次训练频率仅作参考,同一部位肌肉不建议连续两天发力锻炼。居家器械的有效训练时长控制在20~35分钟即可,热身的5~8分钟不计入训练时长。训练过程中一旦出现关节刺痛、异常弹响等不适,需立即停止训练。

2.务必规范完成热身与拉伸流程

正式训练前,预留5~10分钟进行动态热身,待身体微微出汗、肌肉温度升高、关节滑液充分分泌后,再开展器械训练,降低运动损伤风险。训练结束后,对训练部位进行15~30秒的静态拉伸,配合深呼吸放松,助力肌肉恢复、缓解疲劳。

3.精准区分正常肌肉酸胀与运动损伤疼痛

若训练后无即刻不适,在第2~3天出现大范围、左右对称的肌肉酸胀发紧,活动身体后不适感缓解,且3~5天可自行消退,属于正常的肌肉修复反应。

如果训练中或训练结束即刻出现锐痛、刺痛、烧灼感,按压有固定痛点,活动后疼痛加重,休息几天也不见好转,甚至伴随局部红肿发热,属于异常损伤信号,需立刻停止所有训练。

如果无法自行辨别身体不适类型,切勿盲目坚持训练或自行处置,建议及时咨询专业医生,前往运动医学门诊评估情况。

03

特殊人群训练 这些注意事项别忽视

1.产后女性

需要等到顺产6周后、剖宫产3个月后,复查确认身体恢复良好,才可以在医生或专业人士指导下开展力量训练,不要盲目做卷腹类动作。

2.中老年人

建议优先选择轻重量器械,避开猛烈扭转以及爆发式的动作,不建议练到身体力竭。

3.上班族

肩颈腰背长期处于紧张状态的人群,训练之前务必充分热身,不要带着疼痛感强行训练。

温馨提示:

本文提及的训练方式、重量、时长均来自专家节目,仅作参考。每个人身体条件存在个体差异,相关内容不一定完全适配自身情况。

锻炼时一旦出现文中所述不适信号,不要自行判断或盲目处理,建议及时前往运动医学门诊或骨科就诊,交由专业医生评估检查。

安全使用居家器械行动指南

1.哑铃:勿盲目选大重量,动作标准优先。抬手60°~120°出现刺痛,立刻停练。

2.壶铃:靠臀大肌顶髋发力,腰部酸胀即代偿损伤信号,有腰突病史人群谨慎练习。

3.弹力带:检查有无裂纹、毛边,老化及时更换,固定点务必牢固。

4.弹力圈:用于激活臀中肌、保护膝关节,不要佩戴做超过90°深蹲。

5.瑜伽球:腰椎间盘突出急性期伴腿部放射痛或麻木不要使用,有腰椎间盘突出病史先咨询医生。患有骨质疏松的老年人不做双脚离地动作。

6.平衡盘:保留充气形变空间,扭伤红肿期禁用,老年人慎做单脚站立。(CCTV生活圈)

Open Questions

  • 不同器械的最佳训练频率是多少?
  • 如何科学判断是否需要增加训练重量?
  • 哪些康复训练适合已有轻微损伤的人群?

Related Topics

This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

Related Stories

Hong Yongxiang advises kidney friends: adding black coffee with olive oil can protect the kidneys and avoid adding sugary creamer.
Developing·

Hong Yongxiang advises kidney friends: adding black coffee with olive oil can protect the kidneys and avoid adding sugary creamer.

Director of Hong Yongxiang Clinic pointed out that Mr. Chen, a patient with chronic renal failure, drank coffee with sugar and creamer every day, which led to high blood phosphorus and declining kidney function. However, he emphasized that coffee itself does not damage the kidneys, and the key is how he drinks it. It is recommended to choose sugar-free black coffee, avoid creamer and refined sugar, and mix it with an appropriate amount of extra cold-pressed virgin olive oil at high speed to reduce health burden and protect the kidneys.

自由时报
2 min read
Study finds people with insufficient muscle mass are at higher risk of infection and sepsis
Developing·

Study finds people with insufficient muscle mass are at higher risk of infection and sepsis

A research team from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in China analyzed the data of more than 458,000 adults in the British Biobank and found that those with pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia have an increased risk of infection, especially with respiratory infections and sepsis. The study points out that regular strength training can help maintain muscle health, but it cannot prove that muscle loss directly causes an increase in infections.

自由时报
2 min read
Even after eight hours of sleep, you are still tired? Beware of "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"
Health·

Even after eight hours of sleep, you are still tired? Beware of "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"

If you have unexplained severe fatigue, memory loss, and muscle aches that last for more than six months, and there are no abnormalities in hospital examinations, you may be suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome. Chen Min, an expert from the Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, suggested systematic conditioning of the five internal organs, qi and blood, through TCM syndrome differentiation and lifestyle adjustment.

中国新闻网
7 min read
To manage blood lipids, the elderly should know how to eat "good fats" | Enjoy your silver age and protect your health
Developing·

To manage blood lipids, the elderly should know how to eat "good fats" | Enjoy your silver age and protect your health

The article points out that controlling blood lipids requires not only reducing fat intake, but also paying attention to the endogenous fat converted from polished rice and white flour. The elderly should choose oils rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as olive oil, tea seed oil, etc., eat egg yolks in moderation to obtain the benefits of lecithin, and replace some refined white rice noodles with whole grains such as oats and buckwheat to increase soluble dietary fiber to absorb cholesterol and promote excretion.

中国新闻网
2 min read
Cloud health monitoring enters the community and Hunei builds a health protection network for seniors
Developing·

Cloud health monitoring enters the community and Hunei builds a health protection network for seniors

The Kaohsiung Hunei Digital Opportunity Center partnered with the Gongguan Community to launch a cloud-based health assessment tool, helping seniors measure and archive their blood pressure and heart rate daily in the cloud for easy medical reference and family sharing, improving healthcare quality for the elderly, with plans to expand to more communities.

自由时报
2 min read
Study shows Mediterranean diet may alter energy metabolism but not directly prevent dementia
Developing·

Study shows Mediterranean diet may alter energy metabolism but not directly prevent dementia

Public health physician Cai Bingjian cited an interim analysis in the magazine "Food & Function" and pointed out that in the trial of Mediterranean diet plus probiotics, the metabolite changes of Spanish elderly participants showed an increase in the flexibility of energy switching, and some metabolites were related to cognitive scores. However, the study was only a correlation analysis and could not claim to prevent dementia.

自由时报
3 min read
More on this topic哑铃