
加拿大麥基爾大學研究團隊以小鼠實驗發現,特定高脂飲食與腸道菌的交互作用能提高免疫治療反應,為「肥胖悖論」提供新線索,但目前僅限動物實驗,尚未能直接套用在人類身上。
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加拿大麥基爾大學團隊於7月8日在《自然》期刊發表研究,探討飲食與腸道細菌對癌症免疫治療的影響。
研究發現,特定高脂飲食與腸道菌的交互作用,可能影響癌症免疫治療反應;相關效果目前僅在動物實驗中觀察到。示;示意圖。(取自Freepik)
某些容易造成肥胖的飲食,竟可能讓癌症免疫治療反應更好。加拿大研究團隊以小鼠進行實驗,發現部分高脂飲食能提高動物對免疫治療藥物的反應,關鍵可能在於食物與腸道細菌之間的交互作用。
科學新聞網站《ScienceDaily》報導,這項由加拿大麥基爾大學(McGill University)研究團隊進行的研究,已於7月8日刊登在《自然》(Nature)期刊。研究人員比較12種不同飲食,觀察小鼠接受免疫檢查點抑制劑治療後的反應,發現部分與肥胖相關的飲食能提高治療效果。
研究進一步發現,單靠改變飲食或增加特定細菌,並不足以產生相同效果。研究人員讓小鼠帶有約氏乳桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii),再搭配高脂飲食,觀察到腫瘤消退。研究團隊認為,食物與腸道菌可能相互作用,影響免疫系統攻擊腫瘤的能力。
肥胖悖論有新解
這項結果也為癌症研究中的「肥胖悖論」提供新線索。過去部分研究發現,BMI較高的癌症患者接受免疫治療時,有時反而有較佳反應。這次小鼠實驗顯示,這種現象未必由體重本身造成,飲食與腸道菌也可能參與其中。
不過,研究結果尚不能直接套用在人類身上。研究團隊強調,癌症患者不應因此刻意攝取容易造成肥胖的食物。研究目標是找出飲食與腸道菌影響免疫治療的機制,未來尋找不必承擔肥胖風險,也能改善治療反應的方法。

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