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Back讚沈伯洋改變潑髒水選戰模式 學者:蔣萬安擺爛躲得了一時躲不了一世
讚沈伯洋改變潑髒水選戰模式 學者:蔣萬安擺爛躲得了一時躲不了一世
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自由时报2 hours agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

讚沈伯洋改變潑髒水選戰模式 學者:蔣萬安擺爛躲得了一時躲不了一世

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葉耀元教授分析沈伯洋競選台北市長的優勢,指出其以平易近人語言就事論事、排斥扣帽子潑髒水選戰模式,並具備破圈能力,能吸引中間選民。他強調這將成為選舉關鍵,同時批評國民黨策略僅靠污名化對手,缺乏正面政績,台灣值得一個有實力的正常反對黨與台北市長。

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Why It Matters

葉耀元為美國聖湯瑪斯大學國際研究講座教授,近期在臉發文分析民進黨台北市長參選人沈伯洋的競選表現,稱其掀起「洋流」,並評論其政策論述與破圈能力。

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民進黨台北市長參選人沈伯洋近期掀起「洋流」,表現倍受外界關注。美國聖湯瑪斯大學國際研究講座教授葉耀元指出,沈伯洋以平易近人的語言「就事論事」,排斥單純的扣帽子潑髒水的選戰模式,同時還能積極面對異溫層或中間選民,擁有破圈的能力,他認為「這些人願不願意把選票投給沈伯洋,就會是這次選舉中關鍵中的關鍵」。

葉耀元也質疑,雖然有藍營朋友會說,民主國家自然會有政權交替,綠營不應該想要消滅國民黨,但從國民黨跟民眾黨拿下立院多數後到現在,他們有幹了什麼好事嗎?國民黨籍的縣市首長,有做什麼可以說嘴的政績嗎?葉耀元為此強調,台灣值得一個正常的反對黨,更值得一個有實力有號召力的台北市長。

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葉耀元在臉書發文指出,「我已經很久沒有在自己的平台上面寫很長的文章了,今天為了沈伯洋我必須要寫一些感想」。

葉耀元表示,洋流揚帆航行到現在,也有好幾個禮拜了。我們看到沈伯洋不斷地在不同的場合面對不同的群眾宣揚自己的政策理念。而在台北市選民的基礎結構之下,其實任何綠營的候選人都會是劣勢的。但沈伯洋這種「雖千萬人吾往矣」的精神,所為何事呢?

首先,雖然說目前客觀民調數據並不一定都是支持沈伯洋,但沈伯洋透過自己的「形象」所帶動的政策討論跟親民形象,目前看起來已經為台北市帶來了另一股的浪潮,至少讓更多的選民開始認真的檢視蔣萬安的言行舉止,以及在台北市市政的表現。這件事對台北市執政團隊必然會帶來一定程度的壓力,不管最後選舉結果為何,他們都必須要回應競選過程中間所產生的政策討論。

葉耀元直言,「當然你也可以說:可是我只看到蔣萬安持續擺爛或是整個國民黨勢力對沈伯洋潑髒水欸。」的確,目前看起來國民黨的策略就單純是要把選戰拉成藍綠對決,然後希望藍大於綠的台北市基本盤可以讓蔣萬安連任。但蔣萬安躲得了一時,躲不了一世,除非這次選舉就是他政治生涯的最後一幕,否則一樣的問題之後還是會被重提,再次被檢證。是此,不管他有多喜歡擺爛,當他面對的是一場不見得「藍大於綠」的選戰時,他就無法繼續再躲在同溫層裡面取暖,繼續的只用潑髒水的方式堅守自己的基本盤。

葉耀元強調,沈伯洋帶來的改變,並不只是針對他自己的選舉局勢的改變,而是一種以平易近人的語言「就事論事」,排斥單純的扣帽子潑髒水的選戰模式。這種做法很需要兩個核心能力來輔助。

第一個是學識的深度跟廣度;如果你對事情只有一知半解的理解,是沒有辦法用簡單的話語來成功闡述複雜的政策,讓一般民眾(不管是支持者或是反對者)理解你說話的內容。第二個是表達的方式與能力;你觀察沈伯洋的說話方式,他不以訴諸情緒的語言來跟你喊話,也不以文縐縐但極其複雜的概念來跟你闡述他的政策理念跟立場,而是用一種多數人都可以接受的平易近人的文字與論述,並且搭配詼諧輕鬆的態度來跟群眾溝通。在面對媒體的逼問甚至是敵對陣營的攻訐潑髒水,很多人都會被激起情緒而失守自己的冷靜。但這件事並沒有在沈伯洋身上發生。

葉耀元指出,第二個觀察重點,是在於沈伯洋破圈的能力。很多人都喜歡待在自己的舒適圈或同溫層取暖,畢竟這樣對候選人自己心理上的壓力會小很多。但同時間,我們也知道沈伯洋面對的是一個藍大於綠的台北市選民結構。如果他只願意在同溫層裡面打滾,我想異溫層或中間選民,大概也很難有機會去理解沈伯洋,更不要說拿沈伯洋跟蔣萬安做對比來思考孰優孰劣。

所以破圈的重要性在這裡就顯示出來了。要在台北市贏過國民黨,你需要的是極多數中間選民的支持。葉耀元直言,「我並不知道沈伯洋透過王偉忠跟趙少康的節目的破圈,是否真的可以吸引到淺藍選民的青睞,但對於那些每次都票投藍白,然後卻說自己是中立選民的台北市選民來說。如果他們認真去看待沈伯洋的一言一行,再回過頭去看蔣萬安,我想絕對是高下立見」。而這些人願不願意把選票投給沈伯洋,就會是這次選舉中關鍵中的關鍵。

葉耀元分析,破圈不單純只會影響台北市選情,畢竟又不是只有台北市民才會看王偉忠跟趙少康的節目。破圈本身也會有十足的外部效應,讓其他縣市的選民看到民進黨候選人的實力,創造母雞帶小雞的效應。這對某些已經大勢底定的選區來說,效果可能不彰,但對於那些差距細微的縣市來說,沈伯洋的洋流與他個人破圈的表現,就可能帶來關鍵性的影響。這種影響不僅僅只會體現在縣市首長候選人身上,對於縣市議員村里長的選舉上面,也會有同樣的效果。

葉耀元提到,最後一個他想談的事情,是國民黨在面對洋流的反應。民進黨在面對這場九合一的大選,一直都希望脫離藍綠對決這種分立社會的二元對立結構,而採取透過政策論述以及候選人實力來吸引選民的青睞。沈伯洋就是這個方針最好的示範者。但國民黨面對民進黨採取的「良性」選戰策略,他們的回覆卻是用扣帽子跟潑髒水的方式繼續來引導藍綠仇恨對立,單純想要去鞏固「反綠」票倉。

葉耀元直言,這在選舉策略上面說得通嗎?當然說得通,因為你可以透過極低的成本(罵人扣帽子哪需要什麼成本)激化民眾,催促自己的支持者投下反綠的一票。但這種做法對台灣長遠的政治與民主發展來說,絕對是弊大於利,甚至根本就沒有任何「利」可以談。

葉耀元指出,他認識很多藍營的朋友都跟他說:「民主國家自然就會有執政黨跟在野黨,也會有政權交替。所以綠營不應該想要消滅國民黨,而是要思考自己下野之後應該如何自處。」他同意兩黨或多黨政治以及政權交替是民主國家應有的常態,或是在野黨對執政黨的監督也是應該存在的民主現象。

葉耀元強調,但他不能理解的是,為什麼台灣只值得一個用潑髒水扣帽子然後想要向敵人跪下去的在野黨來破壞我們的民主與主權?國民黨但凡比較正常一點,綠營支持者對於國民黨的批判也會少一點。但從國民黨跟民眾黨拿下立院多數後到現在,他們有幹了什麼好事嗎?國民黨籍的縣市首長,有做什麼可以說嘴的政績嗎?自己不行又亂搞,還要別人對你仁慈,這種心態真的要不得。

葉耀元在文末總結,沈伯洋就是台灣的照妖鏡,把國民黨跟蔣萬安的問題通通都照出來。他也強調台灣值得一個正常的反對黨,更值得一個有實力有號召力的台北市長。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 沈伯洋的破圈效應將促使更多中間選民重新評估蔣萬安的市政表現

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 國民黨將繼續使用扣帽子潑髒水策略來鞏固反綠票倉,除非選舉結果顯著不利

    Very likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 沈伯洋是否能真正吸納淺藍選民支持?
  • 國民黨是否會改變其以扣帽子潑髒水為主的選戰策略?
  • 沈伯洋的破圈效應是否會擴散至其他縣市選舉?

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