
大众汽车周四宣布将额外裁减约5万个岗位,以应对中国竞争加剧、能源价格高企及电动汽车转型成本。此前已同意到2030年底前裁员5万人,目前已与3.7万名员工达成协议。新计划将使总裁员规模达到约10万人。公司表示制造产能远超需求,德国境内四家工厂可能面临关闭,但正评估其替代用途,包括潜在用于国防工业。工会领导人表示支持该计划,称其为在危机中争取好解决方案的艰苦斗争结果。
AI-generated summary
大众汽车是全球最大的汽车制造商之一,长期依赖中国市场增长。但近年来,中国在电动汽车领域快速崛起,其廉价车型通过政府补贴和早期布局抢占市场份额,导致大众在华销量下滑。同时,能源价格上涨和转型成本增加了公司压力。
大众汽车周四表示将推进89年历史上最彻底的重组计划。面对日益激烈的中国竞争、高昂的能源价格,以及向电动汽车转型的高昂成本,该公司将额外裁减约5万个岗位。
“这对大众汽车集团的未来是一个强烈信号,”这家德国汽车巨头的首席执行官奥博穆(Oliver Blume)在声明中表示。
这一决定是在大众汽车监事会会议后宣布的,此前该公司与代表其全球超过65万名员工的工会之间曾发生紧张对峙。但工会领导人周四对该计划表示支持。
“在这种危机形势下,我们为争取好的解决方案进行了艰苦斗争,”德国金属工业工会官员克里斯蒂安·本纳在声明中说。“执行董事会现在有了应对未来重大任务的基础。”
自2024年底以来,大众汽车已经同意到2030年结束前裁员约5万人。该公司表示,目前已与3.7万名员工达成协议。周四的计划将使裁员总数达到约10万人。
大众汽车是全球最大的汽车制造商之一,是欧洲工业和德国制造业的一个标志。如今,随着中国崛起成为世界领先的汽车和电动汽车制造国,大众汽车也成为欧洲工业和德国制造业所面临挑战的缩影。数十年来,该公司在中国的业务一直是其发展的重要动力,但如今在中国市场销量已大幅下滑。与此同时,大量廉价中国汽车涌入,掏空了德国工厂。
德国境内四家可能面临关闭的工厂命运仍不明朗。但该公司表示,其制造产能远超需求。它还说,“正在评估这些工厂的替代用途。”
奥博穆上个月表示,“现实”是,位于埃姆登、汉诺威、茨维考和内卡苏尔姆的这四家工厂在2030年之后的前景尚不明确。“我们无法无限期地承受这种劣势,”他说。
或许存在避免关闭工厂的途径,例如随着德国加大军费开支以遏制俄罗斯的军事威胁,可以将这些工厂改造,供国防工业使用。奥博穆上个月表示,大众汽车正在与国防企业就奥斯纳布吕克工厂相关事宜进行洽谈。
奥博穆曾表示,大众汽车需要控制成本,其成本仍比同类公司高出约30%。
“显而易见,他们迫切需要削减成本,”德国欧洲汽车行业分析师马蒂亚斯·施密特说。
来自中国的廉价进口车正引发呼声,要求对北京采取更严厉的措施,以反制企业眼中这种不公平的竞争。在政府补贴的推动下,中国汽车制造商多年前就开始专注于电动汽车,这些投资使它们得以利用对此类车型不断增长的需求。在欧洲销售的新车中,约五分之一是电动汽车。
德国波鸿汽车研究中心主任费迪南德·杜登霍夫表示,该计划更像是工人代表与大众汽车管理层之间的停火协议,而不是和平条约。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
大众汽车将在2025年底前完成对埃姆登、汉诺威、茨维考和内卡苏尔姆四家工厂的关闭或转产评估
Likely · Within months
大众汽车的成本控制措施将在未来两年内使其单位成本降低至与竞争对手持平
Possible · Within years

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