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Back每月逾千人滿55歲退出骨髓資料庫 新加入者不足500人 少子化衝擊配對機會
每月逾千人滿55歲退出骨髓資料庫 新加入者不足500人 少子化衝擊配對機會
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自由时报1 hour agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

每月逾千人滿55歲退出骨髓資料庫 新加入者不足500人 少子化衝擊配對機會

Quick Look

中華民國血液及骨髓移植學會警告,骨髓捐贈者資料庫面臨少子化衝擊,每月約有一千人因年滿55歲退出,但新加入者不足五百人,已低於過去一半;若持續『出多進少』,將影響血癌患者尋找合適配對的機會,專家呼籲十八至四十六歲民眾積極建檔捐贈。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中華民國血液及骨髓移植學會指出,台灣目前有二十四家骨髓移植中心,去年完成九百八十多例移植,今年預估突破千例,其中約五成五為異體移植。少子化導致兄弟姊妹減少,病人從親屬尋找相合捐贈者更加困難,非親屬完全相合機率約僅十萬分之一。過去資料庫每月約有一千名新人建檔,與超齡退出人數大致平衡,但今年新增人數驟降至每月不到五百人。

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每月逾千人滿55歲退出資料庫 新加入者不到500人

少子化衝擊骨髓捐贈,捐贈者資料庫更面臨新加入人數趕不上超齡退出的壓力。中華民國血液及骨髓移植學會理事長葉士芃昨日示警,目前慈濟骨髓資料庫約有四十八萬至四十九萬筆資料,今年以來,平均每月約有一千名建檔者年滿五十五歲、必須退出,但新加入者每月幾乎不到五百人,已不及過去的一半,若持續「出多進少」,恐影響血癌等患者找到合適配對的機會。

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少子化 病人兄弟姊妹變少

葉士芃表示,台灣目前有二十四家骨髓移植中心,去年完成九百八十多例,今年預估突破千例,其中約五成五為異體移植。不過少子化使兄弟姊妹減少,病人從親屬找到相合捐贈者更加困難,非親屬完全相合機率約僅十萬分之一。

葉士芃說,過去資料庫每月約有一千名新人建檔,與超齡退出人數大致平衡,但今年每月新增幾乎都不到五百人,已呈現「出多進少」。

越年輕 造血幹細胞越健康

為何五十五歲後不能捐髓?葉士芃解釋,造血幹細胞隨年齡增加會老化,也可能累積基因突變,移植後又須在受贈者體內重新建立造血系統,因此對細胞品質要求較高,國際趨勢也傾向選擇較年輕捐贈者,「越年輕越好,因為細胞越健康」,他呼籲十八至四十六歲民眾能抽十C.C.的血液建檔。

衛福部長石崇良表示,即使細胞、基因治療等新療法持續發展,骨髓移植仍是挽救病人生命的重要治療;台灣雖有優秀醫療團隊、藥物與設備,但「巧婦難為無米之炊」,沒有骨髓來源,再好的技術也無法發揮,呼籲破除捐髓是「抽龍骨水」的迷思。

健保署長陳亮妤表示,去年九月一日起,以周邊造血幹細胞移植為例,健保支付由約一千五百點提高至一萬五千點,以反映第一線醫療團隊專業投入。

不影響健康 捐髓者現身說法

骨髓捐贈者朱先生二〇〇三年捐髓救活陌生病友,之後投入志工逾二十年,女兒成年後也主動建檔;陳先生則以周邊血完成捐贈,之後結婚並育有一子一女,破除捐髓影響生育迷思。

骨髓受贈者劉先生二十三歲罹患急性骨髓性白血病,唯一妹妹配對不符,在非親屬資料庫苦候六個月找到捐贈者,如今已健康生活逾十六年;另一名八十歲林女士二〇一九年確診急性骨髓性白血病,接受異體骨髓移植後,已健康生活逾七年。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 若骨髓資料庫新增人數持續低於退出人數,未來異體骨髓移植案例成長可能放緩,影響患者等待時間。

    Likely · Within months

  • 衛福部與健保署提升移植給付及宣導捐髓無礙生育,可能逐步改善公眾對骨髓捐贈的認知。

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 如何有效提升十八至四十六歲年輕族群的骨髓捐贈意願?
  • 少化社會下,是否需調整骨髓捐贈年齡上限或建立替代機制?
  • 健保提升造血幹細胞移植給付是否能吸引更多醫療團隊投入此領域?

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