
日本透過多元化客源與吸引高消費遠程遊客,成功抵銷中國經濟脅迫影響
澳洲洛伊研究所報告指出,中國因政治因素對日發起旅遊抵制,但日本透過轉向歐美等高消費遠程市場,成功抵銷中國遊客銳減的衝擊,顯示日本旅遊業對中國市場的依賴度已顯著降低。
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日本首相高市早苗去年曾發表「台灣有事就是日本有事」言論,導致日中關係惡化。隨後中國呼籲民眾避免前往日本旅遊。
日本首相高市早苗去年11月的「台灣有事就是日本有事」論,使日本與中國關係急遽惡化,中國隨後呼籲民眾避免旅遊日本。澳洲洛伊研究所(Lowy Institute)近期報告顯示,中國的經濟籌碼未必有效,同樣遭受中國經濟報復的台灣、帛琉與南韓可效法日本作法,抵銷中國的經濟脅迫。
該報告指出,儘管中國依然是重要市場來源,然而日本改變對中國曝險部位,進而有能力吸收中國市場的衰退,同時仍能維持強勁的整體旅遊消費。
日本國家旅遊局數據顯示,今年前半年,外國遊客對日本的經濟貢獻為4.9兆日圓(9879.8億台幣)。今年7月,赴日遊客340萬人次,其中,中國遊客僅42.8萬人次,與去年同期銳減56.1%,儘管如此,「從數據來看,中國遊客的衰退對日本更廣泛的旅遊業並沒有多少影響」。
美國之音報導,該文作者美國曼斯菲爾德基金(Mansfield)研究員、海軍中校奧查德(Andrew Orchard)指出,中國對日本的經濟籌碼是源於過往中國遊客佔日本外籍旅客主要部份。2019年,中國遊客達960萬人次,佔外籍遊客近3分之1,今年前7月,該比例降至10.2%。
奧查德說,「不過,日本原本就不需去彌補每一個中國遊客缺口,所需做的是填補去年中國遊客貢獻約2兆日圓(4033億台幣)的消費,而答案就在於通常每趟旅遊人均消費較高的遠程遊客」。
他指出,數據顯示,去年中國遊客在日本人均消費24.6萬日圓(4.96萬台幣),遠低於美國遊客的34.1萬日圓(6.88萬台幣)以及德國遊客的39.3萬日圓(7.93萬台幣)。
他說,儘管中國遊客大量減少,但日本旅遊經濟仍維持相當韌性,顯示日本已變得較不依賴中國作為主要客源所帶來的營收。
日本最新數據支持日本旅遊業仍具韌性的看法,根據日本國家旅遊局資料,8月國際遊客年減9.6%,但來自法國、美國、墨西哥等遠程市場的遊客增加,人均消費也較中國遊客高。其中,法國年增8.4%至4萬多人,第2季人均消費42.3萬日圓(8.53萬台幣),反觀中國年減59%,同期人均消費26.6萬日圓(5.36萬台幣)。

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