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Back美國放寬6.6億磅牛肉免稅進口,消費者恐看不到產地
美國放寬6.6億磅牛肉免稅進口,消費者恐看不到產地
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自由时报40 minutes agoBusiness2 min readChina

美國放寬6.6億磅牛肉免稅進口,消費者恐看不到產地

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美國總統川普簽署公告,將放寬約6.6億磅廉價牛肉免稅進口,但消費者可能看不到產地,因美國法律未強制標示牛肉原產國。《紐約時報》社論指出,這批牛肉主要為瘦牛肉邊料與冷凍肉塊,將與美國牛肉混合製成絞肉及漢堡,部分來源國曾爆發藥物殘留與禁用抗生素爭議,焦點指向巴西肉品巨頭JBS及其家族與川普的私下會面,引發對政策形成過程的質疑。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國過去曾強制牛肉標示原產國,但國會在2015年取消相關要求。目前有跨黨派議員重新推動原產國標示立法。巴西是全球最大牛肉出口國,其最大生產商JBS曾因貪污醜聞被曝光,涉及行賄檢查人員與掩蓋變質肉品。

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即將進入美國的6.6億磅牛肉從哪來?紐時社論文章指出,美國人恐看不到產地。(法新社)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕美國總統川普上週簽署公告,將放寬約6.6億磅廉價牛肉免稅進口,但消費者最後可能連產地都看不到。對此,《紐約時報》一篇社論文章示警,這批「神秘牛肉」並非肋眼、菲力等完整牛排,而主要是瘦牛肉邊料與冷凍肉塊,進口後將與脂肪較高的美國牛肉混合,製成絞肉及速食漢堡。

更值得注意的是,部分獲准輸美牛肉的國家過去曾爆出藥物殘留、禁用抗生素甚至污染肉品爭議。《紐時》該篇社論也進一步追問:川普為何選在此時突然大開牛肉進口之門?文章隨後把焦點指向巴西肉品巨頭JBS,以及其控制家族與川普之間一連串引發外界關注的往來。

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文章指出,如果你在Gap買一件T恤,上面會有一個標籤告知它的產地,而汽車、家用電器、電視機,以及超市裡出售的各種新鮮或冷凍水果蔬菜情況也是如此,這是聯邦法律規定的。值得注意的是,牛肉和豬肉則是這些法律的顯著例外,目前美國牛肉並未強制標示原產國,這讓消費者很難知道,盤中的肉究竟來自哪裡。

據報導,目前共有16個國家獲准向美國出口生牛肉,但部分來源國過去曾出現食品安全問題。去年中國曾在兩個來自烏拉圭的牛肉貨櫃中驗出抗寄生蟲藥物殘留而拒收;阿根廷牛肉也據報因驗出禁用抗生素遭中國拒收,相關藥物可能導致嚴重血液疾病。

其中最受矚目的案例來自全球最大牛肉出口國巴西。2017年巴西警方曾突襲近200家肉品加工廠,調查政府檢查員及政治人物涉嫌收賄、放行受污染牛肉。當時甚至有腐敗肉品被加入抗壞血酸等化學物質掩蓋變質情況,流入巴西醫院、學校並出口海外;全球最大牛肉生產商JBS的高層後來也承認曾行賄檢查人員。

美國畜牧業者則認為,大量進口牛肉恐傷害本土牧場主,卻未必能明顯壓低消費者購買絞肉的價格,真正享受到成本下降的可能是大型肉品加工商、速食連鎖店及超市。

《紐時》文章也把焦點指向JBS控制家族成員Joesley Batista。根據《Regime Change》一書,Batista去年曾在白宮與川普會面;JBS旗下公司此前也向川普第二次就職典禮捐款500萬美元。

《華爾街日報》則報導,川普宣布有意放寬免稅牛肉進口前一天,Batista才剛再次造訪白宮。文章並未證明兩者存在因果關係,但質疑在美國牧場主強烈反對之際,攸關其生計的牛肉政策,卻與總統和巴西最大牛肉出口商代表的多次私下會面交錯出現,這樣的政策形成過程值得檢視。

美國過去其實曾強制牛肉標示原產國,但國會在2015年取消相關要求。如今在大量進口牛肉可能湧入市場之際,國會已有跨黨派議員重新推動原產國標示立法,希望讓消費者至少知道,自己吃下的牛肉究竟來自哪個國家。

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What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美國國會將在未來數月內重新啟動牛肉原產國標示立法程序

    Likely · Within months

  • 若無強制標示要求,消費者對進口牛肉的安全疑慮將持續發酵

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 此次免稅進口政策是否真的會降低消費者購買絞肉的價格?
  • 美國國會是否能在短時間內通過復原牛肉原產國標示法?
  • JBS家族與川普的多次私下會面是否直接影響了此項政策決策?

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