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Back美财长贝森特指责中国一带一路转为收债行动
美财长贝森特指责中国一带一路转为收债行动
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自由时报1 hour agoWorld2 min readChinaView translation

美财长贝森特指责中国一带一路转为收债行动

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美国财政部长贝森特在国会听证会上批评中国一带一路倡议已从基础设施融资转变为收债行动,指责其放贷条款不透明并阻碍发展中国家债务重组,并透露G20讨论后可能出现首宗债务重组案例。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中国国家主席习近平在2013年提出一带一路倡议,旨在通过融资推动亚洲、非洲、欧洲及拉丁美洲的基础设施建设。近年来,部分参与国家因偿债压力而寻求重新协商债务,引发国际对其透明度和债务陷阱担忧的质疑。

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中國國家主席習近平在2013年推動「一帶一路」。(美聯社資料照)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕中國「一帶一路」倡議近年頻遭外界質疑債務問題,如今再遭點名。美國財政部長貝森特(Scott Bessent)在國會聽證會上直指,中國一帶一路已從最初的基礎建設融資,轉變成「收債行動」,更批評中國採取不透明的放貸條款及隱藏性規定,阻礙開發中國家進行債務重組。

《IANS》、《FM Bharat》等媒體報導,貝森特是在美國眾議院金融服務委員會舉行的國際金融體系聽證會中,作出上述表示。他指出,中國透過一帶一路向多國提供貸款,但部分借款國如今面臨償債困難,因此一帶一路的性質已經發生變化。

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貝森特表示:「依我之見,這個廣為人知的一帶一路倡議,已經從放貸行動轉變成收債行動,因為他們已經讓許多借款國破產,或正讓許多借款國陷入破產。」

他進一步批評,中國放貸體系包含許多暫停計息協議及隱藏條款,導致債務重組過程缺乏透明度。他強調,對於試圖重新協商無法持續償還債務的國家而言,提高透明度是成功進行債務重組的關鍵。

貝森特透露,美國近期在北卡羅來納州阿什維爾舉行的G20會議上,也曾針對中國的放貸方式提出討論。他表示,G20相關討論後,預計將出現首宗債務重組案例,但目前並未透露涉及哪一個國家,也沒有公布時間表。

此次聽證會也聚焦中國在國際金融機構中的角色。眾議院金融服務委員會主席希爾(French Hill)表示,世界銀行決定在2031年前逐步停止對中國提供貸款,是「朝正確方向邁出的重要一步」。

希爾指出,中國本身擁有龐大的金融資源,同時也是全球主要債權國之一,並利用國家主導的投資,在世界各地推動經濟及地緣政治利益。因此,他質疑美國納稅人為何還要支持世界銀行向全球第2大經濟體中國提供貸款。

除了世界銀行,IMF對中國經濟問題的處理方式也受到國會議員關注。希爾質疑IMF是否充分處理中國經濟失衡問題,貝森特則表示,IMF目前正與北京進行深入磋商,討論中國經濟失衡及其可能對全球金融穩定造成的影響。

貝森特同時談到近期G20會議上的交鋒。他表示,美方在會議中起草了一份批評「非市場經濟體」的公報,但中國拒絕簽署。

「所以是19比1。你可以想像,要讓來自世界各地的這些國家都達成共識有多麼不容易,而中國是唯一拒絕的國家。」貝森特說。

此外,貝森特也強調美元在全球金融體系中的主導地位仍然強勁。儘管中國與俄羅斯試圖降低美元計價的外匯存底,但美元在今年的全球交易占比反而有所增加。

一帶一路由中國國家主席習近平於2013年提出,主要透過融資方式推動亞洲、非洲、歐洲及拉丁美洲的港口、鐵路、公路與能源等基礎建設,但近年部分參與國因面臨償債壓力,開始尋求重新協商相關債務,也讓中國對外放貸模式持續受到國際關注。

對於外界「債務陷阱」的質疑,中國政府則持續否認相關指控,強調一帶一路是推動基礎建設及國際經濟合作的平台。

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • G20将在未来几个月内推动首宗涉及一带一路国家的债务重组案例

    Likely · Within months

  • 世界银行将按计划在2031年前逐步停止对中国提供贷款

    Very likely · Within years

Open Questions

  • 哪些具体国家正面临一带一路债务违约风险?
  • 美国及其盟友将采取什么具体措施应对中国在国际金融机构中的角色?
  • 首宗G20讨论中的债务重组案例将涉及哪个国家?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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