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Back尼罗河电视孔子课堂为什么被称为“没有围墙的学院”?
尼罗河电视孔子课堂为什么被称为“没有围墙的学院”?
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中国新闻网28 minutes agoEducation8 min readChinaView translation

尼罗河电视孔子课堂为什么被称为“没有围墙的学院”?

专访尼罗河电视孔子课堂中方院长柳源清

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中新社专访尼罗河电视孔子课堂中方院长柳源清,探讨该课堂如何通过电视与社交媒体传播中文,促进中埃文化交流,并被誉为“没有围墙的学院”。

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Why It Matters

尼罗河电视孔子课堂由北京语言大学与埃及国有媒体管理局合办,自2015年揭牌以来,通过卫星向22个阿拉伯国家播出中文教学节目。

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中新社北京9月10日电 题:尼罗河电视孔子课堂为什么被称为“没有围墙的学院”?

——专访尼罗河电视孔子课堂中方院长柳源清

中新社记者 韩辉

埃及是第一个同新中国建交的阿拉伯国家和非洲国家,2026年适逢中埃建交70周年。在开罗,有一所独立孔子课堂设在埃及国有媒体管理局旗下的尼罗河电视台。该课堂近10年累计播出节目约500期,年均收视约90万人次。

尼罗河电视孔子课堂是怎样诞生的?为什么被称为“没有围墙的学院”?中埃文明之间,有哪些可以互鉴的文化基因?“孔子课堂”如何讲好中国故事?近日,尼罗河电视孔子课堂中方院长柳源清接受中新社“东西问”专访,对此作出解读。

现将访谈实录摘要如下:

中新社记者:尼罗河电视孔子课堂是在怎样的背景下诞生的?它主要面向哪些受众,节目在呈现上有哪些鲜明特点?

柳源清:媒介所在,即视听众所在。埃及素有“中东好莱坞”之称,是阿拉伯世界最早开播电视的国家之一,把中文课堂设在这里,等于站上了阿拉伯世界声音最响的讲台之一。

随着中埃经贸、人文往来持续加深,越来越多埃及青年希望学习中文。2012年,尼罗河电视台开播中文教学节目;2015年,北京语言大学与埃及国有媒体管理局合办的孔子课堂揭牌,节目通过卫星面向22个阿拉伯国家播出。

它的特色是“用阿语讲中文”,把语言知识点融入生活场景,即便不学中文的观众,也可以当作文化节目观看。课堂没有学员名册,打开电视,人人皆是学生。近年来,节目进一步拓展至社交媒体短视频平台,传播载体不断迭代,传播中文、展现真实中国的目标始终未变。

中新社记者:从您接触阿拉伯观众的经验看,他们最想了解怎样的中国?哪些内容最容易引发共鸣?

柳源清:埃及民众对中国心怀向往,但民众之间的相互理解仍有待进一步深化。

中国春节阖家团聚,与埃及开斋节的情感内核高度契合,极易唤起共鸣。脱离生活场景的宏观数据,则很难被受众记住。跨文化共鸣,往往不是接受全新的知识,而是在他人的生活叙事里看见自身。

短视频时代,这一特征表现得更为明显,我们的课堂对此深有体会。节目剪辑为短视频上线社交平台后,最触动我们的不只是播放数据,而是评论区的互动:有观众用刚学会的“你好”“谢谢”留言,也有网友追问更新时间。观众不只是被动“收看节目”,而是在和屏幕里的人交往。阿拉伯民众想要了解的,并非概念化、抽象的中国,而是扎根现实生活的中国。

中新社记者:尼罗河电视孔子课堂为什么被称为“没有围墙的学院”?您如何理解“没有围墙”?

柳源清:相较于传统的线下面对面式教学,我们的汉语教学节目以其灵活、不受时空限制的特点,被赞誉为“没有围墙的学院”。

这些年最让我感触的,是那些从未进过教室的“学生”:出租车司机在待客间隙跟着念,家庭主妇做家务时同步学习,退休老人每天坚持半小时收看。他们从没注册学籍,却是最为投入的学习者。

传统课堂靠考试、证书等制度约束维系教学秩序;屏幕前的受众却不承担任何义务,收看完全出于自愿。所以“没有围墙”不单是传播形式的转变,更是教育逻辑的革新:不能再靠“必须听”,得做到“值得你听”。这是开放传播带来的挑战,也是我们日常工作面对的命题。

中新社记者:中埃均拥有源远流长的文明。您认为中埃文明之间,存在哪些可供互鉴的文化基因?

柳源清:中埃两大文明都将人视作群体之中的存在。荀子提出“人生不能无群”;生于14世纪的阿拉伯著名历史哲学家伊本·赫勒敦也留下过相近的洞见。汉字的“仁”由“人”与“二”组成,阿拉伯文化同样高度重视亲情维系,二者思想逻辑相通。

两大文明交往可上溯千余年。唐代旅行家杜环在阿拉伯地区游历十余载,回国写下《经行记》,留下中国人观察阿拉伯世界最早的第一手记叙。后来,源自中国的造纸工艺逐渐西传,助力阿拉伯世界大规模翻译域外典籍。到了明清,王岱舆等中国学者又用中国的语言和概念阐释阿拉伯学问,两种思想在互译中对话。

阿拉伯古谚语讲“求知,哪怕远在中国”。过去求知要跨越万里,如今打开电视或滑动短视频,就可以接触中国语言与文化。

中新社记者:阿拉伯国家的“中国热”将呈现哪些新特点?未来,“孔子课堂”将如何讲好中国故事?

柳源清:在埃及,“中国热”看得见摸得着。中国剧集和微短剧在阿拉伯网络走红,《山海情》阿语版登陆埃及电视黄金时段;中国品牌汽车曾拿下埃及乘用车单月销量榜首;国产手机、跨境网购走入寻常百姓家,中国奶茶也成为开罗年轻人的潮流选择。

未来,“中国热”的关注点将从单纯获取信息转向人与人之间的交往联结。伴随高质量共建“一带一路”走深走实,中文具备现实发展机遇,这是它的工具属性;民众认识中国的渠道,从媒体报道转向一个个鲜活个体,这是关系载体属性;学习中文的动机从“听懂对方说什么”迈向“想被对方接纳”,这是关系的认同属性。

这种变化也重塑中文国际传播教学。从电视大屏延伸至数字空间,不是简单把课本搬上屏幕,而是把“人”放进屏幕。讲好中国故事,我有三点体会。第一,多讲述普通人及其日常,刻画一名中国快递员的一天,比堆砌数据更能让埃及受众感受到“中国人和我们一样”;成就要讲,但要落到普通人的生活里。第二,把传播做成交往,观众在评论区问,我们下一期就答,观众的好奇心,就是最好的选题单。第三,让更多真实人物走向台前,中埃两国教师走到镜头前,分享自己与中文与中国结缘的亲身经历,一个个鲜活真实的人物面孔,感染力胜过各类宣传片。

“没有围墙的学院”下一程,要努力成为“有面孔的学院”,让“中国”在阿拉伯受众认知里,不再只是一个国家名称,而是一群可感知、有温度的普通人。

Open Questions

  • 未来孔子课堂在数字平台的具体扩张计划是什么?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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