
中央氣象署海象氣候組科長蔣順惠表示,氣象服務正從提供天氣資訊轉向跨域應用,將溫度、濕度、雨量、海流等資料轉化為農業、畜牧、漁業、水資源、交通及健康領域的決策資訊。例如提供乳牛熱緊迫指數預報、牧草曬乾機率預測、櫻花花期預報及漁場位置預報,協助產業降低風險並提升效率。面對氣候變遷極端化趨勢,氣象服務需進一步將氣象資訊「翻譯」成各行各業可採取行動的資訊。
AI-generated summary
氣象署正推動跨域氣象服務,將氣象資料應用於農業、畜牧、漁業等產業,以提升決策效率並降低氣候風險。
天氣預報不只告訴民眾明天要不要帶傘,乳牛會不會熱到「受不了」、牧草哪幾天適合曬,甚至櫻花什麼時候開、出海「找魚」,都能靠氣象資料幫忙。
中央氣象署海象氣候組科長蔣順惠表示,氣象服務正從單純提供天氣資訊走向跨域應用,把溫度、濕度、雨量、海流等資料轉化成農業、畜牧、漁業、水資源、交通及健康等領域可以直接使用的決策資訊。
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氣象署辦理氣象實務研習班,蔣順惠說明「跨域氣象服務」,她以乳牛為例,台灣夏季炎熱潮濕,乳牛容易出現「熱緊迫」,進而影響泌乳能力。氣象署與畜產試驗所合作,目前提供全台130個點位未來一週的溫濕度指數預測,讓畜牧業者可以提早進行牛舍降溫、改善飼養管理,也能作為選育耐熱品種的參考。
連「曬牧草」也要看天氣。蔣順惠表示,台灣牛隻春、夏可以吃新鮮牧草,秋冬牧草生長較慢,就需要乾牧草;晴朗天氣通常需要曬2至3天,日照較弱則要3至5天,直到牧草含水量降到20%以下才能集草打包。氣象署因此提供「連續5天不下雨機率預報」,讓業者決定何時割草、曬草,減少曬到一半碰上下雨的風險。
氣象資料還能預測花期。氣象署與農業試驗所合作,由農試所建立櫻花開花生長模式,氣象署提供特定地點未來45天、逐小時的氣象預測資料,共同發布櫻花花期預報,讓賞花也能提前掌握時間。
出海捕魚同樣能靠天氣「找魚」。氣象署與水產試驗所合作,將海氣象預報結合漁業資源預測模式,應用在鎖管、正櫻蝦、刺鯧及旗魚等漁場預報,協助漁民掌握可能的漁場位置。
蔣順惠表示,面對氣候變遷,未來可能出現熱浪持續日數增加、乾季更乾、濕季更濕及梅雨極端降雨增加等「極端化」趨勢。氣象服務也不再只是把資料交給使用者,而是要進一步把氣象資訊「翻譯」成各行各業真正能採取行動的資訊。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
氣象服務將進一步將氣象資訊翻譯成各行各業可採取行動的資訊,以應對氣候變遷極端化趨勢
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