
国家科技传播中心举办脑机接口专场,探讨技术原理、临床应用及伦理挑战
中国科学院自动化研究所余山研究员在脑机接口专场表示,脑机接口有望成为继手机与人工智能后的新一代人机交互变革技术。专家团队探讨了该技术在医疗康复领域的潜力,并强调了神经数据隐私与伦理治理的重要性。
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脑机接口技术通过脑控与控脑两种方式实现人机交互,目前在运动、语言及感觉功能重建等医疗领域展现应用潜力。
中新网北京9月16日电 (记者 孙自法)中国科学院自动化研究所研究员、脑图谱与类脑智能实验室主任余山在国家科技传播中心学术发展讲堂9月16日推出的脑机接口专场上表示,展望未来,脑机接口或将带来继手机、人工智能交互之后的新一轮人机交互变革,有望成为未来智能化社会的另一项根技术。
当天正值中国脑健康日,余山研究员以《从认识大脑到脑机接口》为题在脑机接口专场作主旨演讲,系统梳理脑机接口的科学原理和技术内涵介绍,按照信息流向可将脑机接口划分为“脑控”“控脑”及二者结合实现的双向闭环交互等类型,“脑控”即大脑输出指令操控设备,“控脑”即外部信号对神经活动进行调控。
他还结合大脑的结构和功能,讲解神经科学原理如何指导脑机接口的范式和系统设计并指出,当前脑机接口已经在运动功能重建、语言重建、感觉重建、神经疾病调控等医疗场景展现出巨大应用潜力。从脑-脊髓接口帮助脊髓损伤患者重获运动能力,到听觉、视觉假体尝试重建感官知觉,脑机接口技术在不断拓展临床应用的边界。
余山认为,脑机接口这项交叉学科技术的发展,不能单一依靠工程装备突破,神经基础研究、装备研制、临床验证需要螺旋迭代、协同共进。他强调,在技术向前推进的同时,必须保持对大脑的敬畏,重视人的主体性、神经数据隐私等伦理命题。
脑机接口专场还邀请中国科学院生物物理研究所研究员、认知科学与心理健康全国重点实验室副主任张朋,首都医科大学宣武医院神经外科功能中心副研究员、脑机接口研究型病房负责人王逸鹤,北京大学心理与认知科学学院副研究员王茜,围绕脑机接口核心装备自主攻关、临床诊疗转化及全赛道产业化落地等议题展开深度对谈。
专家表示,脑机接口作为脑科学领域颠覆性前沿技术,正为脑疾病诊疗、大脑功能修复开辟全新路径。他们围绕不同技术路线、科研—工程—临床转化堵点、人工智能(AI)与脑科学的关系、复合型人才建设、脑数据权属与伦理治理等热点问题开展思辨研讨,并回应现场青年科研学子关心的非侵入式脑机应用、意识障碍干预、多模态脑信号融合、神经刺激安全性边界等问题。
据悉,国家科技传播中心学术发展讲堂是中国科协着力打造的一档学术栏目,突出前沿性、思辨性和传播性。本期讲堂由中国认知科学学会、中国科协科学技术传播中心共同承办,中国科协青少年科技中心、中国科技发展基金会联合提供支持。

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