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Back民主黨奪回國會!川普想和習近平談合作 恐先碰上這道難關
民主黨奪回國會!川普想和習近平談合作 恐先碰上這道難關
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自由时报35 minutes agoWorld3 min readChinaView translation

民主黨奪回國會!川普想和習近平談合作 恐先碰上這道難關

Quick Look

美国中期选举后民主党重新掌控参众两院,川普政府未来与中国国家主席习近平交涉及推动对华政策,可能面临更大国会监督压力,包括科技出口管制、供应链审查及预算监督等。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美国中期选举结果揭晓,民主党重新掌控国会参众两院。川普政府希望维持与北京的经贸谈判空间,但新国会可能通过科技出口管制、供应链审查及预算监督,要求白宫说明对华政策与谈判立场。

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美国总统川普(左)与中国国家主席习近平9月24日在白宫阳台检阅仪队。民主党在期中选举后重新掌控国会参众两院,川普政府未来推动对中政策及与北京交涉,将面临更大的国会监督压力。(路透)

美国中期选举结果揭晓,民主党重新掌控国会参众两院,川普政府未来与中国国家主席习近平交涉,可能面临更大的国会监督压力。川普政府希望维持与北京的经贸谈判空间,但民主党掌权的新国会,可能透过科技出口管制、供应链审查及预算监督,要求白宫说明对中政策与谈判立场,使川普在寻求美中合作的同时,必须面对国会制衡。

《美联社》报道指出,民主党重返国会多数后,立法部门对行政部门政策的监督力道可望提升。民主党掌控的国会将有权透过委员会听证会、调查权及预算审查,检视川普政府的政策执行;参议院也可运用人事同意权,审查政府官员任命。

《路透》则分析,共和党在期中选举遭遇挫败,可能让部分贸易伙伴更有底气抵抗川普的单边关税政策。报道也指出,川普未必会因选举挫败而对贸易伙伴更加让步,部分国家仍须提防他在任期后段采取更强硬的贸易措施。对北京而言,美中经贸谈判仍须面对川普关税政策的不确定性。

香港《南华早报》引述复旦大学国际问题研究院教授赵明昊分析,民主党掌控国会后,可能加大对北京在台湾、人工智能及出口管制议题上的压力。这些议题也可能成为美中双方交涉时,白宫必须面对的国内政治因素。

国会监督升高 白宫仍握外交主导权

美国外交关系协会(CFR)的分析指出,美国总统仍掌握重要的外交政策决策及执行权,但国会可透过立法、预算拨款及监督机制影响政策走向。民主党掌握两院后,将能运用委员会听证、文件调阅及传票等权限,增加白宫推动政策时面临的国会监督。

美国国会研究处(CRS)的制度报告指出,美国外交政策权力由总统与国会共享,国会可透过立法、预算限制及监督机制影响政策;总统则掌握外交谈判及政策执行等重要权限。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 民主党掌控的国会将通过委员会听证会和预算审查,加强对川普政府对华政策的监督。

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 美中经贸谈判仍将面临川普关税政策的不确定性。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 民主党掌控国会后,具体会采取哪些对华立法或监督行动?
  • 川普政府会如何调整对华谈判策略以应对国会制衡?
  • 国会监督力度提升是否会改变美中经贸谈判的进展?

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