Breaking
ARIranian Army: The war is not over and we do not accept Trump’s proposal regarding the Strait of HormuzRUA storm warning was announced in the Krasnodar Territory due to showers and hailTRHeavy rain and storm warning for IstanbulITUnited Kingdom, arrests and houses evacuated near RAF Fairford base: counter-terrorism investigatesDETiktok agrees on settlement and stricter rules for minors in AlabamaEUNorthern Ireland Standoff Erupts as Orange Order Parade Ruling Revives Decades-Old TensionsDEDiplomatic Struggle for Ukraine: The Risk by Johann WadephulTRActive Agricultural Diplomacy from Türkiye against Global CrisesITTurin, hits 5-year-old child with car: 24-year-old arrested for attempted murderARMassive protests in Madrid to demand protection for tenants and a solution to the housing crisisARIranian Army: The war is not over and we do not accept Trump’s proposal regarding the Strait of HormuzRUA storm warning was announced in the Krasnodar Territory due to showers and hailTRHeavy rain and storm warning for IstanbulITUnited Kingdom, arrests and houses evacuated near RAF Fairford base: counter-terrorism investigatesDETiktok agrees on settlement and stricter rules for minors in AlabamaEUNorthern Ireland Standoff Erupts as Orange Order Parade Ruling Revives Decades-Old TensionsDEDiplomatic Struggle for Ukraine: The Risk by Johann WadephulTRActive Agricultural Diplomacy from Türkiye against Global CrisesITTurin, hits 5-year-old child with car: 24-year-old arrested for attempted murderARMassive protests in Madrid to demand protection for tenants and a solution to the housing crisis
Back德国人愈长寿少子化加剧 养老金改革委员会建议推迟退休年龄
德国人愈长寿少子化加剧 养老金改革委员会建议推迟退休年龄
NEWS
德国之声59 minutes agoBusiness4 min readChina

德国人愈长寿少子化加剧 养老金改革委员会建议推迟退休年龄

德国人越来越长寿,少子化加剧养老金挑战。专家建议逐渐提高退休年龄、将自由职业者纳入缴费,并引发是否取消63岁提前退休规定的激烈争议。

Quick Look

德国人寿命延长且少子化加剧,养老金面临巨大挑战。政府委托的委员会建议逐渐提高退休年龄至68岁甚至70岁,并引发是否取消63岁提前退休规定的激烈争议。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

德国人均寿命延长,1960年领取退休金平均9.9年,2025年已达20.7年。同时少子化导致每一位退休者对应的缴费人数比例持续下降。

Font size

(德国之声中文网)1963年的德国电视新闻上,曾播出一位百岁老人的画面。画外音说:“她虽然高龄,却仍然精神矍铄,能帮忙做家事。”如今,百岁老人大概上不了新闻了。德国目前有约17000位百岁老人。

德国人越来越长寿:1960年,德国人领取退休金平均9.9年。2025年则已达到20.7年。

德广联9月27日的一篇报道写道,与此同时,少子化加剧了养老金面临的挑战。1960年,每一位退休者对应3.70位仍在缴纳退休金的德国人。目前的这一比例则仅为1:2。到2035年,甚至可能降到1:1.7。

今年初,德国政府委托的一个养老金委员会建议,逐渐提高退休年龄,大概每十年往后推迟半年。大致上,这意味着2051年的退休年龄为68岁,2091年可能要70岁才能退休。

德广联的报道写道,此外,该养老金委员会还提议,为了“增收”,将自由职业者以及议员纳入缴费者的队伍。再就是,将部分缴纳的养老金在证券市场上投资。

一个激辩的争议点:63岁提前退休的规定是否应取消

养老金委员会提议,取消现有的63岁可提前退休的规定。这一规定是2014年德国劳工部长纳勒斯(Andrea Nahles,社民党)指定的。按照该规定,雇员缴费满45年后,可提前于63岁退休。其实,由于目前的常规退休年龄已经提高到了67岁,提前退休的最早年龄也已提高到了64.5岁。

德广联报道写道,2014年引入该规定,是为了减轻那些重体力劳动者的负担。不过,如今每年新进入退休年龄的人群中,已有近三成是按照这一规定提前退休的。数据显示,2025年新增退休者为925865人,其中按“63岁可提前退休”规定的为262361人。其中不少人是退休金较高者:2025年提前退休者的平均退休金是每月1677欧元。而德国总体平均退休金是1196欧元。

如果取消这一规定,政府可以节省一大笔钱。因此,目前专家的建议是,满足条件的人仍然可以提前退休,但如果是提前两年的话,领取的退休金要少7.2%。

根据德广联的报道,统计数据显示,缴纳养老金满45年、提前两年退休的德国人,目前的平均退休金额是1677欧元,少7.2%的话,将是1556欧元。不过,失去劳动能力者不受影响。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 德国养老金委员会将继续推动关于推迟退休年龄和取消63岁提前退休的讨论

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 德国政府最终是否会采纳委员会的退休年龄调整建议?
  • 63岁提前退休规定是否会被正式取消?

Related Topics

This article was originally published by 德国之声.

Related Stories

2026 Xinjiang Silk Road Wine Festival opens in Changji, with more than a thousand local fine wines on display
Business·

2026 Xinjiang Silk Road Wine Festival opens in Changji, with more than a thousand local fine wines on display

The 2026 Xinjiang Silk Road Wine Festival opened on September 27 in Changji City, Xinjiang. The exhibition area covers an area of ​​12,500 square meters. The four core sub-production areas and characteristic production areas of Xinjiang will be unveiled together. More than a thousand local fine wines will be on display. The event will last until September 29.

中国新闻网
2 min read
"New" scenes in business districts light up the streets, and the upgrade of consumer experience stimulates new "increases" in domestic demand
Business·

"New" scenes in business districts light up the streets, and the upgrade of consumer experience stimulates new "increases" in domestic demand

During the Mid-Autumn Festival, business districts across the country saw a surge of customers, and the introduction of new scenes and new business formats accelerated. From cities to counties, consumption changes have shifted from "buying goods" to "focusing on experience", with the help of policies such as replacing old appliances with new ones, steadily leveraging new increases in the domestic demand market.

中国新闻网
9 min read
Beijing is going all out to develop AI, and Chinese consumer stocks are said to be stuck in a "lost decade"
Business·

Beijing is going all out to develop AI, and Chinese consumer stocks are said to be stuck in a "lost decade"

Driven by the Beijing authorities' efforts to develop artificial intelligence, Chinese consumer stocks have fallen into a "lost decade." The MSCI China Consumer Goods Sub-index has plummeted about 18% in the past six months and is approaching a 10-year low. The profits of major companies are far lower than expected, reflecting economic imbalances and weak domestic demand.

自由时报
2 min read
The 5th Global Digital Trade Expo concluded in Hangzhou, continuing to release the magnetic attraction effect
Business·

The 5th Global Digital Trade Expo concluded in Hangzhou, continuing to release the magnetic attraction effect

The fifth Global Digital Trade Expo was held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, attracting the participation of many countries and multinational companies. During the exhibition, a number of cooperation results were intensively implemented, focusing on sharing market opportunities, discussing digital trade rules and bridging the digital divide, demonstrating China's open and cooperative attitude in the field of digital trade.

中国新闻网
9 min read
More on this topic德国