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Back批量“AI小海”卖惨博同情带货 哪些“姨姨妈妈”容易被收割?
批量“AI小海”卖惨博同情带货 哪些“姨姨妈妈”容易被收割?
Developing
中国新闻网3 hours agoTech3 min readChinaView translation

批量“AI小海”卖惨博同情带货 哪些“姨姨妈妈”容易被收割?

Quick Look

近期短视频平台出现大量AI合成的“数字人小海”,以苦情身世博取中老年人同情并诱导购物,乌鲁木齐铁路公安乘警劝阻一位相信其身份的79岁老人。专家指出,尽管视频标注AI生成,但因老年人数字素养不足和情感需求未满足,仍易上当受骗,涉嫌欺诈,平台责任应前置升级而非仅靠标签和举报。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

AI生成的数字人技术门槛降低,仅需几块钱即可获取生成教程和营销话术模板,被不法分子用于批量生成苦情角色如“小海”以博取同情并诱导老年人消费。

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最近,一批名叫“小海”的苦命男孩在短视频平台上批量涌现。他们对着镜头一口一个“姨姨妈妈”,哭诉着单亲、窘迫的身世,让不少中老年人看了心疼落泪,纷纷下单买货帮扶,甚至有七旬老人独自坐火车前去探望。然而,这个让老人们牵肠挂肚的“贴心晚辈”,现实中根本就不存在,全是由AI合成的“数字人”。

这些由AI批量生成的“假晚辈”,利用老人们渴望陪伴的心理,盯上了老年人的钱包。苦情戏背后,是怎样的卖货生意?来听总台中国之声记者任梦岩的报道。

今年五月,乌鲁木齐铁路公安的乘警在巡视车厢时,发现一位79岁的老人独自一人乘车远行,神情焦急。乘警上前询问得知,老人不识字,也说不清具体目的地,只知道自己要去山西运城“走亲戚”,看望一个天天在手机里喊她“姨妈”的苦命孩子。

老人:我要去运城嘛。孩子都不知道我来到这了。就是他。

乘警:你见过他没?

老人:我还没到他那去呢。就在直播间里说有羊肚菌让我吃上一点再拿上一点。原来认识呢,还叫我姨妈呢。

小海声音:姨姨妈妈,小海祝你平安健康……

老人:你看又说了。

乘警:阿姨我和您说,这直播间里的人,是假的。

△乘警进行劝阻

在乘警的耐心劝说和联系下,这位老人最终下车,坐家人买好的返程票回到了家。一位不认字的七旬老人,怎么把手机屏幕里一段虚构的视频当了真?记者在短视频平台搜索发现,让这位老人深信不疑的,正是近期在网络上批量出现的“数字人小海”。这些由AI生成的十几岁男孩形象,无一例外都在上演着“懂事、窘迫、心疼长辈”的苦情剧本。在一段中秋节前后的视频里,“小海”眼含热泪,对着镜头展示手里的馒头:

数字人“小海”:姨姨妈妈,我是小海,同学们都去吃饭了,我躲在教室里面吃馒头。姨姨妈妈,我有好好吃馒头,我还买了个肉包是给姨姨妈妈的,小海想把好吃的给姨姨妈妈们……

△吃馒头卖惨的数字人小海

而视频下方则是中老年网友一句句真情实感的语音和文字留言。

受骗老年网友留言1:小海你好棒,你很优秀,姨姨为你自豪!

受骗老年网友留言2:小海你为什么不去吃饭,光吃馒头,难道你没有钱吗?阿姨妈妈好心痛哦。阿姨妈妈想你了。

△信以为真的用户留言

先用“躲在教室吃馒头”等虚假身世筛选出最具同情心、最缺乏防备的中老年群体,然后就会把他们精准推向下一步——带货。在另一段带货视频里,“小海”摇身一变,成了最懂老人心的“贴心晚辈”,开始推荐阿胶。

数字人“小海”:我是这两天一直在看姨姨妈妈给我的留言。好多姨姨妈妈都说最近天热,人特别容易没精神,早上刚起来就累,晚上也睡不好。我后来想了很久,才把这个阿胶糕放上来,因为我发现好多姨姨妈妈平时太顾家了,可轮到自己就总随便对付,您平时操心一家人以及够累了,偶尔也给自己备点好吃的。

△数字人开始卖货

调查中记者发现,操作这样一个“小海”账号,门槛极低。互联网平台中,几块钱就能买到全套AI数字人生成教程,各种营销话术模板更是比比皆是。同样的文案,换一张脸、换一个声音,就能批量生成出成百上千个“小海”。

北京航空航天大学法学院副教授赵精武指出,这些躲在代码背后操纵数字人卖惨带货的主体,只要恶意编造故事博取同情卖货,就已涉嫌构成欺诈。

北京航空航天大学法学院副教授 赵精武:数字人卖惨带货与真人卖惨带货在法律定性上并没有本质区别。虽然内容上标注了“由AI生成”,但这不等于老年人上当就应当认定属于自己存在疏忽导致。“由AI生成”这个标识仅仅是说明视频的生成方式和使用的工具,结合视频内容和带货目的来看,其针对的是家庭情感缺位的老年人,主观目的从来都不是用来描述客观事实,甚至存在恶意误导老年用户、博得同情的行为,可以认定为欺诈。在这条产业链上,第一责任人毋庸置疑是账号运营者或直播间运营者。

事实上,《人工智能生成合成内容标识办法》早在去年9月就已经施行,为什么依然管不住一个又一个裂变出来的“小海”?记者注意到,不少涉事账号确实在视频角落打上了“AI生成”水印。既然打了水印,为什么还是拦不住老人受骗?赵精武认为,老年人的数字素养参差不齐,再加上字小,很难注意到:

赵精武:管不住“小海”的堵点在于,现行立法只规定了AI生成视频要标注“AI生成”标识,但老年用户很多时候不会在意在视频拐角的水印标识,甚至有的老年用户会将AI生成内容理解成“因为无法直接拍摄真实事件,所以只能以AI视频替代描述”,导致很多老年人容易上当受骗。

为什么在年轻人眼里一眼就能看穿的粗糙AI合成影像,一些老年用户完全看不出来,甚至像那位79岁的老人一样千里迢迢去寻人?北京大学政府管理学院教授马亮认为,表面上看这是老年人的数字素养差距,但深层的根源,在于社会中不容忽视的“情感空巢”问题。

北京大学政府管理学院教授 马亮:这个问题表面上是一个技术问题、市场问题,实际上背后是一个社会问题。不少老年人为什么对这些AI视频非常相信,甚至为它买单?反映出不少老年人线下生活是相对孤独的,也没有有效的陪伴,他可能通过数字世界的消费去满足自己的精神需求。这也意味着相关的社会工作、社区治理部门应该跟进,更多地为老年人提供线下关怀,加强对AI应用的指导,避免上当受骗。

除了操盘账号的黑灰产和商家,短视频平台在其中扮演的角色同样备受质疑。相同的苦情话术、高度雷同的数字人面孔、高频挂载的商品链接,为什么总能精准找到老年用户?此前有媒体报道,“数字人小海”视频在某短视频平台上已播放超6亿次。对此,马亮认为,面对批量制造的坑老视频,平台的责任绝不能止步于给视频打个标签,或者等网友举报了再去封号:

马亮:传统的“打地鼠式”治理,更多是“你有举报,才会有响应”,这种响应式治理非常被动、滞后的。这些视频背后是一种商业化的操作,希望牟取暴利,平台有技术能力去识别视频下方的评论、用户后续的购物行为,这些数据都可以用于甄别哪些视频存在欺诈行为。不能说平台对这些AI生成的视频进行了标注,就完成了它的工作。

对此,赵精武也明确表示,面对成批出现的“小海”账号,传统的“通知—删除”规则已不再适用,平台的注意义务必须前置升级。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 监管部门将加强对AI生成内容的审查,要求平台提升主动识别能力而非仅依赖标签和举报

    Likely · Within months

  • 社区和社会工作部门将增加对孤独老年人的线下关怀和数字素养教育

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 有多少老年人实际上受骗并购买了商品?
  • 平台是否具备技术能力实时识别此类欺诈视频?
  • 监管部门是否将更新规则以应对AI生成内容的欺诈行为?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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