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Back大學應保留AI禁用課堂 守住教育核心使命
大學應保留AI禁用課堂 守住教育核心使命
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自由时报21 minutes agoEducation3 min readChina

大學應保留AI禁用課堂 守住教育核心使命

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作者指出,AI正逐漸取代閱讀、寫作、分析與思考等核心能力,過度依賴導致認知卸載與負面影響,大學應在部分課程限制或禁止AI,保留手寫寫作、口試等學習歷程,因為教育的責任是判斷哪些能力即使AI更強也不能停止培養,否則大學將培養出只會下提示詞而失去深度思考的畢業生。

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Why It Matters

近年來,各界討論如何將人工智慧融入教學與評量,但卻少有人思考哪些能力無論AI多麼強大都不能交給它代勞。AI正逐漸取代閱讀、寫作、分析與思考本身,導致學習變成摘要、提示與挑選答案的過程。

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◎ 莫少白

新學年開始,大學卻仍在問錯問題。

近年來,各界都在討論如何將人工智慧(Artificial Intelligence,簡稱AI)融入教學與評量;真正該問的卻是:哪些能力,無論AI多麼強大,都不能交給它代勞?

許多人將AI視為繼計算機、電腦與網際網路之後,教育科技發展的下一步。然而,AI與過去所有教育科技有一個根本差別。計算機取代的是計算,電腦加速的是資訊取得,而AI正逐漸取代閱讀、寫作、分析與思考本身。

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AI正逐漸取代閱讀、寫作、分析與思考本身。示意圖。(路透檔案照)閱讀變成摘要,寫作變成提示,研究交給機器,思考則淪為挑選一個最有說服力的答案。走進今天的大學教室,愈來愈多學生遇到問題時,第一個反應不是自己思考,而是打開AI。

這正是問題所在。學習從來不是追求最快得到答案,而是培養產生答案的能力。閱讀、寫作、論證,以及反覆推敲與修正自己的想法,都不是學習的障礙,而是學習本身。真正的能力,正是在這些過程中逐漸養成。

支持全面使用AI的人常說,學生未來本來就會使用AI,因此大學應該全面擁抱它。這個說法並非毫無道理,卻忽略了一件事:便利從來不代表應該全面取代人的能力。

近年的研究已指出,過度依賴AI容易造成「認知卸載」(cognitive offloading),也就是把原本需要自己完成的思考交由工具代勞。更值得警惕的是,研究已顯示AI正在對人的認知與思考能力產生負面影響。真正尚未清楚的,不是它是否會影響我們,而是長期下來,這種影響究竟會有多嚴重。

一些大學已意識到問題的嚴重性,開始在部分課程與評量中限制甚至禁止AI。

因此,教育工作者不應再對限制AI感到歉疚。不是每一份作業、每一次考試都應該允許AI。保留AI禁用的課堂、手寫寫作、口試,以及必須依靠自己完成的學習歷程,不是抗拒科技,而是守住教育最重要的使命。

教育的責任,不是擁抱每一項新科技,而是判斷哪些能力,即使AI做得更快、更好,也絕不能停止培養。

如果有一天,大學畢業生只知道如何下提示詞,卻失去了深度閱讀、清楚寫作與獨立思考的能力,那麼真正被AI取代的,就不是學生,而是大學。

大學老師不應再對限制AI感到歉疚。不是每一份作業、每一次考試都應該允許AI。(歐新社檔案照)(作者是淡大外交與國際關係學系副教授)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 更多大學將在核心課程中限制或禁止AI使用,以保護學生的思考與寫作能力

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 長期依賴AI對人類認知與思考能力的具體影響程度如何?
  • 大學在什麼樣的課程中應該完全禁止AI使用?
  • 如何有效評估學生在AI輔助下的真實學習成果?

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