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Back敏昂萊訪越深化經貿合作 盼突破國際孤立
敏昂萊訪越深化經貿合作 盼突破國際孤立
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中央社2 hours agoWorld2 min readChinaView translation

敏昂萊訪越深化經貿合作 盼突破國際孤立

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緬甸軍政府領導人敏昂萊訪問越南,深化雙邊經貿合作,並盼透過與東南亞國家的外交接觸突破國際孤立,尋求執政合法性。越南重申落實東協五點共識及緬甸五點路線,以和平解決內戰。

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Why It Matters

敏昂萊在2021年政變後領導緬甸軍政府,東協因未落實五點共識而拒絕其參與高級別峰會。近期他頻繁訪問東協國家,試圖透過雙邊關係突破多邊限制。

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(中央社記者曾婷瑄河內4日專電)緬甸軍政府領導人敏昂萊4日訪問越南,深化兩國經貿合作。此行是他近期接連出訪東協的外交攻勢之一,盼透過雙邊關係突破國際孤立,尋求執政合法性。越方重申落實東協的「五點共識」及緬甸的「五點路線」,和平解決內戰。

緬甸軍方支持的政府領導人敏昂萊(Min Aung Hlaing)以緬甸總統身分4日中午抵達越南,進行為期3天的訪問,與越南共產黨總書記蘇林(Tô Lâm)等領導人會面。

此外,他也將和越南電信、國防和汽車公司等舉行會晤,加強經濟合作,並於2026年緬越商業論壇致詞。

2017年,越緬兩國將關係提升為全面合作關係,去年為兩國建交50週年。西貢解放日報(SGGP)今天指出,經貿合作是兩國關係一大重點。2026年上半年,雙邊貿易額達3.36億美元,較2025年同期成長26%。

越南是緬甸第7大外國投資來源國,在緬甸擁有107個有效投資項目,註冊資本總額超過14億美元,主要集中在電信、銀行、房地產、建築、工業製造和農業領域。兩國經濟高度互補,越南企業擁有優勢,合作符合緬甸的社會經濟發展需求。

路透社4日報導,敏昂萊此行目的是尋求更大合法性,盼重新融入地區事務。自今年4月宣誓就任總統以來,敏昂萊積極走訪各國的策略引發關注。他企圖以外交活動力度強化形象,希望吸引外國投資,也努力「正常化」與東南亞國家關係。

敏昂萊7月出訪寮國,8月初對泰國展開2天的正式訪問。據柬埔寨參議院發言人謝天龍(Chea Thyrith)表示,敏昂萊預計9月11日造訪柬國。除東協國家外,敏昂萊近期也出訪了印度、中國、哈薩克、俄羅斯與白俄羅斯。

自2021年2月時任陸軍總司令的敏昂萊推翻翁山蘇姬政府引發內戰,東協拒絕承認軍政府統治,與東協關係也持續惡化,甚至因未能遵守東協2021年4月通過的緬甸和平計畫而被禁止參加東協高級別峰會。

敏昂萊近期頻繁與中南半島鄰國進行雙邊互訪,被外界視為試圖繞過東協整體的集體限制,透過各別接觸來逐步恢復其在區域的外交地位。

彭博社指出,敏昂萊經歷多年外交孤立後接連出訪越南等國,「顯示東協成員國間的分歧正在加劇,一些鄰國已開始正式接待敏昂萊進行國是訪問」。

擔任今年東協輪值主席國的菲律賓指出,一些成員國已表示,「現在是時候重新調整與緬甸的關係了」。

菲律賓外交部長拉薩洛(Maria Theresa Lazaro)3日告訴彭博社,想建立新關係的原因,是如果發生內戰,就會出現難民,而他們將首當其衝。

泰國外交部長希哈薩(Sihasak Phuangketkeow)上個月針對接待緬甸領導人的決定告訴外媒:「這不是合法性問題,而是現實問題。」

然而,其他東協成員國仍希望在與緬甸關係正常化之前,落實處理緬甸問題核心框架的「五點共識」(5PC),包括立即停止暴力、與各方展開建設性對話、派駐東協特使等。然而緬甸先前拒絕了東協要求探視翁山蘇姬並釋放她的呼籲,稱這干涉該國司法程序。

越南人民報(Nhân Dân)今天報導指出,越方在會面中重申落實東協「五點共識」以及緬甸自身的「五點路線圖」。

五點路線圖是緬甸軍政府在政變後自行提出的國家重組計畫,目標是透過軍方主導的選舉來鞏固並合法化執政權。進程包括重組選舉委員會、恢復和平與全面停火、舉行大選交付政權。

東協的五點共識與軍政府的五點路線在部分核心有所矛盾,例如前者要求與反對派對話,後者則拒絕,並企圖跳過東協特使監督,透過軍方舉辦的選舉來終結內戰。

越南官方選擇「雙軌並進」的態度,一方面維持東協成員國支持五點共識的集體立場,另一方面也對緬甸軍政府自身的路線圖給予務實的對話空間。

然而,隨著東協對緬甸政治孤立的鬆動,東協五點共識的內涵與執行方式,恐怕會有所調整。(編輯:唐聲揚)1150904

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 敏昂萊將於9月11日訪問柬埔寨,繼續其東南亞外交行程。

    Very likely · Within days

  • 緬越雙邊貿易額將在2026年下半年繼續增長,年增率可能維持在20%以上。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 越南在此次會談中是否具體承諾增加對緬甸的投資或貿易便利措施?
  • 敏昂萊是否將在2026年緬越商業論壇上提出具體的經濟合作方案?
  • 東協成員國在重新調整與緬甸關係方面是否將達成共識?

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