
Scientists from Novosibirsk State University proposed building a Baikal-top installation on the shores of Lake Baikal to record extensive atmospheric showers, which will be synchronized with the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope and will allow recording about a hundred joint events per year.
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Baikal-GVD is one of three operating neutrino telescopes in the world and the largest in the Northern Hemisphere, located at the bottom of Lake Baikal to search for ultra-high energy neutrinos from space.
Scientists from Novosibirsk State University proposed to build on the shore of Lake Baikal, next to the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope, an installation for recording cosmic particles - widespread atmospheric showers, NSU told RIA Novosti.
Baikal-GVD is one of three operating neutrino telescopes in the world and the largest in the Northern Hemisphere. The telescope is located at the bottom of Lake Baikal, in its southern part, and is a deep-sea observatory designed to search and study ultra-high energy neutrino fluxes from space.
“The creation of a large megascience-class installation, the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope, is entering its final stage... An important component of this large-scale project will be a ground station for recording extensive air showers, the operation of which must be synchronized with a system of deep-sea detectors,” the report says.
Scientists from the Faculty of Physics of NSU proposed a technical solution to this problem by equipping the installation developed by them together with specialists from the Institute of Nuclear Physics. G.I. Budker of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences with special detectors and simulated a ground station. The preliminary name of the station is Baikal-top, and it should be located on the shore of the lake.
“An installation with an area of 100 square meters, according to the preliminary results of our calculations, would allow the Baikal-GVD project to register from one hundred joint events per year - on the shore to catch particles from a wide atmospheric shower, and in the Baikal Neutrino Telescope in the water column - high-energy muons from the same shower,” said the head of the laboratory of the Interdisciplinary Center for Particle Physics and Astrophysics of the Faculty of Physics NSU Evgeniy Kravchenko.
Scientists simulated a future installation that could be used to conduct other research in the fields of astrophysics and particle physics. For example, it will be able to solve the so-called muon riddle - discrepancies between real data from ground-based detectors and theoretical calculations of the amount of these unstable elementary particles in cosmic “showers.”

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