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Back健康網》慢性發炎養大癌細胞! 醫警這些癌症風險增 大腸癌入列
健康網》慢性發炎養大癌細胞! 醫警這些癌症風險增 大腸癌入列
Health
自由时报4 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

健康網》慢性發炎養大癌細胞! 醫警這些癌症風險增 大腸癌入列

放射腫瘤科醫師廖志穎解釋慢性發炎如何促進癌症發展,並提醒降低可控制的慢性發炎來源是降低癌症風險的重要策略

Quick Look

放射腫瘤科醫師廖志穎指出,慢性發炎透過DNA反覆受損、生長訊號持續開啟、細胞不易死亡及免疫環境失衡四種機轉助長癌症,增加肝癌、胃癌、大腸癌等風險,降低可控制的慢性發炎來源是降低癌症生長風險的重要策略。

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Why It Matters

慢性發炎不只是身體長期處於發炎狀態,還可能增加罹癌風險。放射腫瘤科醫師廖志穎說明,發炎原本是身體的保護機制,但若發炎長期持續,反而可能創造有利癌細胞生長的環境,導致DNA反覆受損、癌細胞生長訊號持續開啟、該淘汰的細胞不容易死亡以及免疫環境失衡,肝癌、胃癌、大腸癌等風險也增加。

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放射腫瘤科醫師廖志穎說明,發炎原本是身體的保護機制,但若發炎長期持續,反而可能創造有利癌細胞生長的環境,增加大腸癌等風險;示意圖。(取自Freepik)

〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕慢性發炎不只是身體長期處於發炎狀態,還可能增加罹癌風險。放射腫瘤科醫師廖志穎說明,發炎原本是身體的保護機制,但若發炎長期持續,反而可能創造有利癌細胞生長的環境,導致DNA反覆受損、癌細胞生長訊號持續開啟、該淘汰的細胞不容易死亡以及免疫環境失衡,肝癌、胃癌、大腸癌等風險也增加。提醒降低某些可控制的慢性發炎來源,也是降低癌症生長風險的重要策略之一。

慢性發炎助長癌症4機轉

廖志穎於臉書粉專發文表示,當身體受傷、感染時,免疫系統會啟動發炎反應,清除病原並修復組織。但如果發炎長期持續,如同身體的警報器一直響,助長癌細胞。他並進一步說明,慢性發炎促進癌症的4個重要機轉:

●DNA反覆受損:細胞的說明書被破壞

慢性發炎會產生活性氧(ROS),可能造成DNA損傷。當細胞反覆受傷、修復,基因突變累積的機會也可能增加。

●生長訊號持續開啟,癌細胞一直收到「繼續長大」的指令

發炎因子如IL-6,會活化STAT3等細胞訊號,促進部分癌細胞增生與存活。

●細胞不容易死亡:該淘汰的細胞卻留下來

NF-κB等發炎訊號可能增加細胞存活能力,讓部分異常細胞逃避原本應有的細胞凋亡(Apoptosis)。

●免疫環境失衡:癌細胞更容易躲避免疫攻擊

長期發炎可能改變腫瘤微環境,增加免疫抑制細胞,讓癌細胞更容易逃避免疫系統的監視。

慢性發炎相關4大癌症

廖志穎提及,部分慢性發炎與癌症風險有關,例如:B、C型肝炎造成長期肝臟發炎,進而增加肝癌風險;幽門螺旋桿菌引發慢性胃炎,增加胃癌風險;發炎性腸道疾病造成長期腸道發炎,增加大腸癌風險。此外,肥胖與內臟脂肪也可能導致慢性低度發炎、代謝異常,也與多種癌症風險增加有關。

廖志穎強調,所謂「抗發炎就是在抗癌嗎?」更精確地說,減少某些慢性發炎來源,也是降低癌症生長風險的重要策略之一,因為抗癌不只是消滅癌細胞,也要關注癌細胞的生長環境。

Open Questions

  • 如何具體降低可控制的慢性發炎來源?
  • 哪些人群屬於慢性發炎高風險族群?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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