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Back베트남 등 '커넥터 국가' 역할 주목…공급망 다변화 필요
베트남 등 '커넥터 국가' 역할 주목…공급망 다변화 필요
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연합뉴스12 minutes agoBusiness2 min readSouth Korea

베트남 등 '커넥터 국가' 역할 주목…공급망 다변화 필요

Quick Look

한국은행은 지정학적 분절 속에서도 베트남, 인도, 멕시코 등 '커넥터 국가'를 통해 미국과 중국과의 경제적 연결을 유지해왔다고 분석하며, 공급망 다변화와 제3국 생산망 의존도 관리의 필요성을 강조했다.

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

한국은행은 지정학적 긴장 속에서도 한국이 아세안 등 제3국 생산망을 통해 미국과 중국과의 경제적 연결을 유지해왔다고 분석했다.

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베트남 등 '커넥터 국가' 역할 주목…"공급망 다변화 필요"

(서울=연합뉴스) 한지훈 기자 = 우리나라가 지정학적 분절 속에도 아세안 등 제3국 생산망을 활용해 미국·중국과의 경제적 연결을 모두 유지해왔다고 한국은행이 13일 분석했다.

한은은 이날 발표한 보고서에서 "기존 글로벌 공급망 경로가 재구성되면서 (국가 간 경제적 연계가) 지속되고 있다"며 이같이 밝혔다.

한은은 미국과 중국 간의 직접 교역이 줄어드는 가운데 양측과 연결된 베트남, 인도, 멕시코 등 이른바 '커넥터(Connector) 국가'의 역할에 주목했다.

우리나라 공급망은 이 커넥터 국가 생산망을 통해 미중과의 연결을 유지·강화한 것으로 나타났다.

예를 들어 한국이 베트남 수출로 얻은 부가가치 중 미국의 소비·투자와 연결된 비중은 2016년 11.1%에서 2022년 18.5%로 높아졌다. 중국과 연결된 비중도 7.3%에서 13.9%로 확대됐다.

특히 같은 기간 반도체 등 컴퓨터·전자·광학기기 업종에서 미국으로 연결되는 비중(12.8→21.0%)과 중국으로 연결되는 비중(11.2→19.4%)이 모두 크게 늘어났다.

한은은 또 한국에서 창출된 부가가치가 미국 최종수요로 직접 연결되는 비중은 대체로 유지된 가운데 제3국을 통한 간접 연결에서 아세안 생산망 역할이 확대됐다고 분석했다.

한국산 중간재가 제3국 생산기지를 거쳐 미국으로 연결된 경우 중국 비중(10.7→6.8%)은 낮아지고, 베트남 등 아세안 5국 비중(4.9→8.3%)은 높아졌다는 것이다.

한은은 "주요국 정책 변화나 현지 생산 여건 변화, 공급망 충격이 제3국 생산망을 통해 국내로 파급될 가능성을 함께 관리하고, 특정 생산 거점이나 경로 의존도를 낮추는 방향으로 공급망을 다변화할 필요가 있다"고 말했다.

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 한국은 베트남 및 아세안 국가들과의 공급망 협력을 더욱 강화할 것이다

    Likely · Within months

  • 반도체 업종에서 베트남을 통한 미국·중국 간접 연결 비중은 계속 증가할 것이다

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 커넥터 국가들의 생산 capacity 확대가 지속 가능한지 여부
  • 미중 간 갈등이 심화될 경우 제3국을 통한 연결도 타격을 받을 수 있는지
  • 한국 내 생산 기지 유치를 위한 추가 정책이 필요한지

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This article was originally published by 연합뉴스.

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