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Back中国荒漠化防治经验在联合国公约第十七次缔约方大会受关注
中国荒漠化防治经验在联合国公约第十七次缔约方大会受关注
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中国新闻网1 hour agoEnvironment3 min readChinaView translation

中国荒漠化防治经验在联合国公约第十七次缔约方大会受关注

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联合国防治荒漠化公约第十七次缔约方大会在蒙古国乌兰巴托闭幕,中国荒漠化防治成就展区受广泛关注。文章介绍中国在荒漠化防治方面的成就,包括实现土地退化零增长、荒漠化土地和沙化土地持续双缩减、森林覆盖率和森林蓄积量连续40年双增长等,并通过科技创新、生态保护与经济发展协同以及国际合作推广经验,为全球荒漠化治理提供典范。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

荒漠化是全球性生态挑战,联合国数据显示全球约40%土地出现不同程度退化,影响近半数人口,每年经济损失超过8700亿美元。中国在荒漠化防治方面取得显著成就,包括实现土地退化零增长等。

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近日,《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十七次缔约方大会(COP17)在蒙古国首都乌兰巴托闭幕。会议期间,集中展示中国荒漠化防治成就的“中国角”始终是会场最受关注的展区之一。从非洲萨赫勒地区的农业官员到中亚国家的环境学者,他们带着问题而来,探寻中国实现从“沙进人退”到“绿进沙退”的实践逻辑。联合国副秘书长、《联合国防治荒漠化公约》秘书处执行秘书亚丝明·福阿德评价,中国持之以恒的治理实践,为全球荒漠化防治树立了可借鉴的典范。

荒漠化是人类共同面临的全球性生态挑战。联合国数据显示,全球约40%的土地出现不同程度退化,影响近半数人口,每年因土地退化、荒漠化和干旱造成的全球经济损失超过8700亿美元。这道跨地域、跨世代的世界性难题,考验着各国的治理智慧与能力。中国取得的治理成果格外厚重:在全球率先实现土地退化零增长,荒漠化土地和沙化土地持续双缩减,森林覆盖率和森林蓄积量连续40年保持双增长,为推动实现联合国2030年土地退化零增长目标作出了关键贡献。

半个多世纪以来,从横跨东西的“三北”防护林体系建设持续推进,到退耕还林还草、沙化土地封禁保护修复等重点生态工程接续落地,再到全国防沙治沙规划层层落实,中国始终将生态保护修复纳入国家发展全局,坚持一张蓝图绘到底,一代代治沙人接续奋斗,最终实现了土地沙化趋势的根本性逆转。中国这种“功成不必在我”的治理耐心,是全球荒漠化治理中最为稀缺的品质。

科技创新为治沙实践注入持久动力。COP17“中国角”展区,中国企业研发的保水剂吸引多国代表驻足。这款产品可吸收自身重量千倍以上的水分,将灌溉水、雨水与肥料储存后缓慢释放,既能有效降低管护成本,也能大幅提升植物存活率,国际林业研究中心专家看好该产品在干旱半干旱地区的应用前景。小小保水剂,正是中国科技治沙的一个缩影。近年来,从无人机飞播、卫星遥感监测提升沙区治理效率,到耐旱物种选育、生态修复技术不断突破,科技创新深度融入治沙全链条,有效破解了“沙区治理成本高、成果难巩固”的普遍困境,为全球荒漠化治理贡献了可复制的技术路径。

生态保护与经济发展如何平衡,是各国治沙共同面临的两难命题。中国始终将防沙治沙作为惠及民生的发展事业,推动沙区民众从治理旁观者转变为参与者和受益者。库布其沙漠“板上发电、板下种植、板间养殖”的立体治沙模式,让昔日不毛之地兼具生态效益与经济效益;毛乌素沙地的林果、中药材等特色产业蓬勃发展,让农牧民端稳了可持续的“生态饭碗”。中国的治沙实践打破了“治沙就要牺牲发展”的刻板认知,证明生态保护与民生改善完全可以共生共赢。

如今,中国的治沙经验正加速走向全球。从助力毛里塔尼亚推进“非洲绿色长城”建设,到与中亚国家共建荒漠化防治合作中心、开展技术培训,再到在中东沙漠地区探索光伏设施农业新模式,中国始终秉持共商共建共享理念,向有需要的国家分享经验、提供支持,为广大发展中国家共谋绿色发展注入动力。

治沙非一日之功,治理荒漠化是一场需要久久为功的长跑。只要秉持长远眼光、坚持创新驱动、坚守民生底色,茫茫黄沙之上亦能生长出蓬勃的绿色希望。

作者:张朋辉

来源:人民日报

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 中国将继续向非洲国家提供技术和经验支持,推进‘非洲绿色长城’建设

    Likely · Within months

  • 中国与中亚国家的荒漠化防治合作中心将开展常态化技术培训和联合研究

    Likely · Within months

  • 中国在中东沙漠地区的光伏设施农业新模式将进入更广泛的示范和推广阶段

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 中国保水剂产品在国际市场的推广计划和时间表是什么?
  • 与中亚国家共建的荒漠化防治合作中心的具体运作机制和资金来源是什么?
  • 中国在中东沙漠地区探索的光伏设施农业新模式的试点进展和效果评估如何?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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