
南非籍國際法院法官皮萊(Navanethem "Navi" Pillay)獲頒2024年諾貝爾和平獎,她將獎項獻給所有國際刑事犯罪倖存者。皮萊曾任盧安達問題國際刑事法庭主席,去年領導聯合國調查委員會認定以色列在加薩的軍事行動構成種族滅絕罪行,並曾要求中國公開六四真相。以色列外交部批評該獎正當化反以仇恨,而國際社會強調其得獎反映國際法與人權正遭受政治攻擊。
AI-generated summary
皮萊是南非籍國際法院法官,曾任盧安達問題國際刑事法庭主席及聯合國人權事務高級專員。她長期參與國際刑事司法工作,曾領導聯合國調查委員會報告,認定以色列在加薩的軍事行動涉嫌種族滅絕罪行,並曾公開要求中國說明六四天安門事件真相。
85歲皮萊將獎獻給「所有國際刑事犯罪倖存者」
諾貝爾和平獎九日在奧斯陸揭曉,頒給南非現任國際法院(ICJ)法官、前聯合國人權事務高級專員皮萊(Navanethem "Navi" Pillay),表彰她在促進和平和國際法上所做努力。皮萊表示,將此獎獻給「所有國際刑事犯罪倖存者」。
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挪威諾貝爾委員會主席弗里德內斯讚揚皮萊以非凡勇氣與正直操守,引向更全面的全球法律秩序之路,「在確保戰爭罪、危害人類罪和種族滅絕罪行受到追究起訴,發揮關鍵作用」。
去年認定以色列犯下種族滅絕 曾要求中國公布六四真相
現年八十五歲的皮萊,曾任盧安達問題國際刑事法庭(ICTR)主席,去年在聯合國獨立國際調查委員會(COI)主席任內,該委員會發表報告,認定以色列在加薩的軍事行動犯下種族滅絕罪行。她現任ICJ法官審理緬甸被控種族滅絕案。二〇一四年卸任聯合國人權高專前,曾要求中國公布六四天安門事件真相,也曾聲援中國已故異議人士劉曉波與關切自焚藏人。
諾貝爾委員會的頒獎理由並未提及美國總統川普或以色列,而是強調維護有組織的國際秩序的重要性。頌詞指出,當前國際社會正從法治轉向強權政治,法律架構及全球對法律與正義的尊重受到侵蝕;當強權凌駕公理,國際穩定、互信與和平共存便會受到破壞,「和平需要正義」,「這正是皮萊在司法工作中展現的特質」。
外界普遍認為,皮萊獲頒桂冠反映了當前國際司法機構面臨的困境。國際刑事法院(ICC)去年對以色列總理納坦雅胡發布逮捕令後,遭到川普的強烈批評與制裁威脅。川普上月除呼籲各國退出ICC,亦對多名檢察官與法官實施針對性制裁。
皮萊九日得知獲獎後,正好在當年審理納粹德國領袖的紐倫堡司法大廈正義宮參加會議。她發表聲明,表示「這或許這是冥冥中安排好的」,「我們正經歷國際法和人權都正受到顯著政治攻擊的年代」,將把這個獎「獻給所有國際犯罪倖存者,以及國際正義的捍衛者」。皮萊接受道賀時打趣地說,「如果你們再多鼓掌些,我或許就和川普分享這個獎」。
以色列外交部抨擊 將「反以仇恨」正當化
聯合國表示,皮萊獲獎「證明全球對人權的需要和人權的價值尤甚以往」。國際刑事法院院長赤根智子指出,由於當前對國際法的攻擊,和平獎頒給皮萊「格外重要」。
以色列外交部抨擊,和平獎頒給皮萊是將「反以色列的仇恨」正當化,納粹德國宣傳部長戈培爾「肯定在地獄鼓掌」。
皮萊是第五位獲得諾貝爾和平獎的南非人,前四位包括南非前總統曼德拉與戴克拉克、圖圖大主教及盧圖利,他們的得獎都與對抗種族隔離制度有關。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
以色列及美國將繼續對國際刑事法院官員實施政治壓力與制裁
Likely · Within months
國際社會對以色列在加薩行動的法律審查將持續,可能引發更多國家或機構提出類似指控
Possible · Within months

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