受台风“沙德尔”影响,福建诏安大水门时隔20年再次启用古法杉木闸板挡洪。通过在双层闸槽间填充沙土,这套传承数十年的“土办法”成功将东溪洪水挡在城外,保护了老城区安全,引发社会关注。
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诏安历史上多遭水患,1964年护城石堤竣工后开始应用杉木闸板工艺。大水门因闸口宽、拆改难度大,保留了这套传统治水工艺。
中新网福建诏安9月13日电 题:古法杉木闸板显奇效 福建诏安大水门“土办法”挡洪护城
作者 沈炜琦
“要是闸板没及时装上,洪水灌进来,整个老城区都要被淹。”福建漳州诏安东西溪河道工作站大水门管理人员林木东日前受访时介绍,受台风“沙德尔”影响,当地启动旱闸挡水,这是大水门时隔20年再次关闸挡洪。
9月3日,在福建漳州诏安大水门,一块块杉木闸板抬进闸槽,并在两道闸槽中间填充沙土,叠起1.4米高的防洪墙,把“沙德尔”带来的洪水挡在城外。
今年9月初,“沙德尔”持续带来强降雨,诏安东溪水位逐渐上升,突破4米警戒水位,最高达5.89米。闸门前,林木东和搭档将一块块杉木闸板抬进闸槽,在两道闸槽中间填充沙土,垒起一道1.4米高的防洪墙,将洪水牢牢挡在城外。
林木东自1981年进入水利机构任职,便专职负责看管大水门,一守就是40余载。他回忆,20年前,台风“碧利斯”带来特大暴雨,诏安东溪水文站水位飙升至7.32米,也是靠关闸挡洪化险为夷。
诏安历史上多遭水患影响,1904年与1944年两场特大洪水曾造成县城严重内涝。直至1964年护城石堤竣工,杉木闸板工艺自此应用,古城才真正筑起一道“硬防线”。在九座旱闸中,大水门以规模最大的体量、最核心的防汛功能,成为当之无愧的主水门。
2010年后,堤防加高,九座旱闸里,其余八座都改了启闭机,因大水门闸口太宽、拆改难度大,留下了这套老工艺。“这是老一辈传下来的治水办法。”林木东说。
大水门为何能凭“土办法”将洪水“顶”在城外?林木东道出了其中的门道:大水门净宽3.95米,高4.8米,设有两道闸槽,中间间距25厘米,专门用于填沙土止水。
“前后闸槽各插一块杉木板,中间留25厘米填黄土和沙。水一泡,沙土膨胀,把缝隙挤得死死的。”林木东说,老杉木闸板压紧后,渗漏量“非常小”。
林木东的日常工作,远不止汛期这几天。冬日干燥时节,他和同事将杉木闸板从库房搬出,上油,涂刷沥青。哪块板子多重、哪块需要补沥青,他心里都有一本明白账。
暴雨来袭,大水门合闸,护堤并肩而立,诏安城区安然无恙。这一役让大水门“出圈”,冲上网络热搜。
随着水退,网络热度也逐渐消退。但在诏安县文化体育和旅游局副局长沈叶琳看来,大水门的“出圈”并非终点,“大水门作为集交通与防洪功能于一体的历史遗存,其独特价值恰恰在于‘活着’。”
“大水门地处诏安古城旅游线路的重要节点,串联起中山路、牌坊街、沈耀初美术馆等文化地标。”沈叶琳表示,大水门将继续承载日常交通与排水功能。当地将坚持“最小干预”与“最大兼容”原则,优化周边环境,借助文旅融合滋养其文化内涵,让这座老城门在新时代继续焕发生机。
The South China Sea Tropical Depression made landfall in Vietnam around 17:00 on September 13, but due to its combined influence with the cold air, there were still heavy to heavy rains in many places on Hainan Island. The Hainan Provincial Meteorological Bureau maintained the Level 4 typhoon warning and the Level 2 heavy rain warning, and jointly issued an orange warning for geological disasters and a yellow warning for flash floods, reminding relevant areas to prepare for prevention and evacuation.
Affected by tropical low pressure and cold air, many places in Hainan experienced heavy rainfall. The Hainan Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps launched a secondary response and mobilized 392 rescue personnel and professional equipment to assist Qionghai, Wanning and other places. The Wanning City Fire Department has assisted in evacuating 1,938 people from low-lying areas, and various flood prevention works are currently being carried out in an orderly manner.

There were 129 mountain disasters in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, from July to August this year, with a total of 138 people killed, the second highest number in history. Among them, the number of foreign climbers killed reached 55, a record high. The police pointed out that high temperature, heatstroke and hypothermia due to rainfall are the main reasons, and called on climbers to check the weather and carry necessary equipment.

In view of the current defense situation, the Pearl River Flood Control Headquarters launched a flood control level IV emergency response at 8:00 on September 13. Affected by the tropical low pressure and cold air in the South China Sea, there will be heavy rainfall in the southern part of the Pearl River Basin. The cumulative rainfall in some areas of Hainan can reach 400 mm, posing greater risks for flood control.

According to data from the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Kazakhstan, the number of saiga antelopes in Kazakhstan this spring reached 4.689 million. As the population expands, issues such as competition with domestic animals for resources, disease prevention and control, and agricultural impacts have aroused concern. Relevant Kazakhstan departments have taken measures such as population control, disease investigation, and antelope horn marking management.

The KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife Conservation Service in South Africa recently donated 20 black rhinos to the Deception Valley Private Reserve in Botswana to expand their habitat. This is the 18th new population established by the Black Rhino Habitat Expansion Project since its inception in 2003.