Back印尼喀拉喀托之子火山大規模噴發 火山灰衝上1.5萬公尺高空
印尼喀拉喀托之子火山大規模噴發 火山灰衝上1.5萬公尺高空
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自由时报1 hour agoEnvironment2 min readChinaView translation

印尼喀拉喀托之子火山大規模噴發 火山灰衝上1.5萬公尺高空

火山灰影響飛行安全,日本氣象廳示警需留意海嘯風險

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印尼喀拉喀托之子火山於5日凌晨發生大規模噴發,火山灰柱高達1.5萬公尺,嚴重影響周遭飛航安全。日本氣象廳針對海嘯風險發布警示,提醒該火山位於巽他海峽,過往噴發曾引發毀滅性海嘯。

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Why It Matters

喀拉喀托之子火山位於印尼巽他海峽,歷史上曾多次發生大規模噴發並引發海嘯。1883年的噴發是近代史上最嚴重的火山災難之一,造成超過3.6萬人死亡。

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印尼喀拉喀托之子火山(Anak Krakatoa)今(5日)凌晨發生大規模噴發,火山灰甚至噴至1.5萬公尺高空,已影響周遭飛行安全。日本氣象廳示警,由於喀拉喀托之子火山位於海上,火山噴發容易引發海嘯,1883年的大噴發是人類近代史上最嚴重的火山災難,當時火山噴發造成的海嘯,造成超過3.6萬人死亡。

綜合外媒報導,喀拉喀托之子火山位於印尼爪哇島與蘇門答臘島之間的巽他海峽,於今天凌晨出現大規模噴發,澳洲達爾文火山灰諮詢中心(Darwin VAAC)資訊指出,從4日開始該火山就有出現噴發活動,晚間11點火山灰高度約達海拔2000公尺,到今日凌晨,火山灰柱一口氣竄升至1.5萬公尺高空,對飛航安全構成威脅。

火山灰諮詢中心發現,高度約1.5萬公尺的火山灰,主要往西方飄移,移動速度約每小時74公里,另一層高度約5500公尺的火山灰則朝南方擴散,速度約為每小時19公里。雅加達及墨爾本飛航情報區也示警,各航空要注意火山灰可能造成的威脅。

日本氣象廳也指出,由於喀拉喀托之子火山位於海上,火山噴發及山體崩塌,容易引發海嘯,過去就曾發生多次重大災難。截至日本時間上午5時30分,海外驗潮站尚未觀測到與這次火山活動有關的明顯潮位變化。

事實上,1883年喀拉喀托之子火山就曾發生大噴發,也是人類近代史上最嚴重的火山災難,當時火山噴發造成的海嘯造成超過3.6萬人死亡。2018年12月,喀拉喀托也曾引發海嘯,並襲擊爪哇及蘇門答臘沿岸。

Open Questions

  • 目前是否已觀測到海嘯跡象?
  • 火山噴發活動是否會持續升級?

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