
内蒙古艺术学院教授王鹏瑞新书《同心颂》梳理近80年内蒙古美术中民族团结主题作品,强调艺术应源于现实生活,各民族共同生活的真实场景是持续创作的源泉。
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文章介绍了内蒙古艺术学院教授王鹏瑞的新书《同心颂》,该书梳理了内蒙古自治区成立近80年来美术创作中民族团结主题的作品,涵盖年画、油画等形式,探讨艺术家如何从现实生活中提取民族团结的主题。
中新网呼和浩特9月5日电 题:30载深耕 内蒙古教授从画卷中寻找民族团结的真实印记
中新网记者 崔博群
图为年画《兄弟民族之间》(1953年),官布、金高作。
农民和牧民一起劳作,忙碌之余,人们围坐在一起吃西瓜、喝奶茶……1953年的年画《兄弟民族之间》,将土默川上一幕真实的生活场景定格在画面中。历经70余年,它依然以浓郁的生活气息、淳朴生动的画面打动人心。
“当时许多画家表现民族团结,并不是主题先行或凭空编造,而是现实生活本身就提供了丰富的题材与内容。”在王鹏瑞看来,这幅画为理解新中国成立初期内蒙古的社会生活提供了一个窗口。
王鹏瑞是内蒙古艺术学院教授,美术理论家和评论家。2026年,他的新书《同心颂——内蒙古美术创作中的民族团结主题》(以下简称《同心颂》)出版。该书从内蒙古自治区成立近80年的美术创作中遴选出170余幅表现民族团结主题的作品,并从现实生活、历史叙事、寓意象征等多个维度进行了梳理和阐释。
近日,王鹏瑞在接受中新网记者专访时坦言,这本书是他从事内蒙古美术研究30余年后,对这片土地和这段历史的一次深情回望。
艺术生长于火热的现实生活
旧画册、老画报、地方报刊……30多年来,只要见到与内蒙古美术有关的资料,王鹏瑞都会留意、收藏、翻拍。工作室里,两个书房堆积如山的资料,是他研究内蒙古美术的底气。“这些书籍和资料不是短时间搜集起来的,是几十年来一点点积累下来的。”王鹏瑞说。
在这些来自不同年代的作品中,王鹏瑞不断寻找一个问题的答案:艺术家如何从生活中发现民族团结的内容,又如何把多民族共同生活的真实状态留在画布上。
1962年,朝鲁创作的年画《五谷丰登六畜兴旺》就是这样的作品。画面中,各族群众聚集在一起,欢庆丰收,也寄托着草原儿女对吉祥、幸福和团结兴旺的美好愿景。画家借鉴民间艺术形式进行创作,作品构图饱满、人物众多,民族特色浓郁。
图为年画《五谷丰登 六畜兴旺》(1962年), 朝鲁作。
“这类作品并没有直接讲述一个具体的民族团结故事,却通过丰收、幸福、吉祥等寓意,将各族群众共同的生活愿望融入艺术表达。”在王鹏瑞看来,正是这些看似普通的生活场景,构成了内蒙古美术创作中一条持续存在的脉络——各民族共同生活、共同奋斗、共同创造美好的明天,也成为艺术表现的共同对象。
一幅画,映照一个时代
2020年的油画《欢庆——鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔民族自治旗建立》,则将民族团结放进了历史叙事之中,将鄂伦春自治旗、鄂温克族自治旗、莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗的发展历程凝聚到具体的艺术形象之中。
图为油画《欢庆——鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔民族自治旗建立》(2020年),孙与平作。
在《同心颂》梳理的作品中,昭君出塞、三千孤儿入内蒙、齐心协力建设包钢等题材内容,也在不同年代被艺术家不断重新表达。
在王鹏瑞看来,同一历史题材在不同年代被艺术家反复表达,并不是简单地重复。时代在变化,历史题材在新的时代会焕发出新的生命和意义。与此同时,艺术形式和人们的审美理解也在不断发展,但那些共同而珍贵的历史记忆始终值得被重新讲述。
“艺术家也正是在一次次重新发现和表现中,让历史与今天发生连接。”王鹏瑞说。
“真实”经得起时间检验
王鹏瑞1958年出生于内蒙古。从求学到工作,再到从事美术史教学与研究,他的人生轨迹始终与这片土地相连。30余年的教学和研究,也让他越来越确信,文艺创作不能脱离现实生活。
“虚假、脱离现实、缺乏真情实感的作品是不能打动人的,更别说流传下来。”王鹏瑞说。
这也是他编著《同心颂》时反复思考的问题:今天的文艺创作者,同样应该走进生活,从现实社会、火热生活中寻找创作的源头。
在他看来,内蒙古美术创作真正值得表现的,不只是某一个民族的特色和文化符号,更是各民族长期共同生活、共同发展、交往交流交融的现实。
“时代在发展,社会在进步,但各民族共同生活、共同奋斗的现实始终在内蒙古大地上延续。”王鹏瑞说。(完)
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