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Back眼睛发红不一定是红眼病,盲目用药可能延误治疗
眼睛发红不一定是红眼病,盲目用药可能延误治疗
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中国新闻网1 hour agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

眼睛发红不一定是红眼病,盲目用药可能延误治疗

Quick Look

眼睛发红并不一定是红眼病,可能由多种原因引起,如用眼过度、干眼症、过敏等。真正的红眼病指肠道病毒引起的急性出血性结膜炎,具有传染性。文章提醒勿自行使用消炎或激素类眼药水,建议先就医明确原因后对症治疗,并提供日常预防措施。

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Why It Matters

眼睛发红是常见症状,但公众易将其等同于红眼病,导致误用药物。文章旨在区分普通眼红与传染性急性出血性结膜炎,提供科学应对方法。

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不少人一发现眼睛发红,第一反应就是:“是不是得了红眼病?”

其实,眼睛红了并不一定就是红眼病。眼红只是眼睛受到刺激或患病后显现的一种症状,不同原因对应的处理方法可能完全不同。盲目按照“红眼病”处理,反而可能延误治疗。

一、眼睛为什么会发红

眼白分布着细微血管,正常状态下肉眼难以察觉,受刺激后,细微血管扩张充血,眼睛就红了,医学上这种现象称为结膜充血。

引起眼红的原因很多,用眼过度或眼疲劳、干眼症、眼部过敏、外界刺激、角膜炎、青光眼、结膜炎等各类眼病,都有可能引发结膜充血。

二、什么才是真正的“红眼病”

日常所说的“红眼病”,通常是指肠道病毒引起的急性出血性结膜炎,其传染性较强,在人群中可出现聚集性发病,引起流行。

“肠道病毒”是一类按照病毒特征进行分类的病毒名称,并非只能感染肠道。部分肠道病毒可以通过接触进行传播,例如其他患者的眼部分泌物、被污染的毛巾等物品接触眼睛后,肠道病毒可进入结膜,引起急性出血性结膜炎。

肠道病毒引起的急性出血性结膜炎通常发病较急,常见表现包括:

1.结膜血管扩张充血甚至破裂,眼白区域出现明显红色,血管破裂时出现点状或片状出血;

2.眼部异物感、刺痛或灼热感;

3.眼泪增多;

4.眼睑出现肿胀;

5.畏光、眼部不适等。

肠道病毒引起的急性出血性结膜炎属于自限性疾病,通常预后良好。

三、眼睛红了

别急着乱滴眼药水

不少人发现眼睛发红后,会自行购买所谓“消炎眼药水”使用。但眼红的原因不同,治疗方式也会不同。用眼疲劳、干眼症导致的眼红无需使用消炎眼药水,滴了无效还伤眼。病毒感染引发眼红,抗菌类眼药水并无疗效;含激素的滴眼液若滥用,极易掩盖病情,诱发眼压升高。因此,眼药水并不是解决所有眼红问题的“万能药”。出现持续不适或症状明显时,建议先就医明确原因,再对症治疗。

四、做好这些事

减少眼部问题发生

日常生活中,可以通过以下方式保护眼睛:

1.勤洗手,避免用脏手揉眼,若家中已有患者,接触其使用过的物品后应立即洗手,并对其接触的桌面、门把手等进行消毒;

2.不与他人共用毛巾、脸盆、眼药水等个人用品;

3.正确佩戴隐形眼镜,日间佩戴时间控制在8小时以内,严禁佩戴隐形眼镜过夜或午睡;

4.合理安排电子产品使用时间,避免长时间近距离用眼;

5.保证充足睡眠,减少眼疲劳;

6.不要使劲挤压、按压眼球。

眼睛发红时,不必过度紧张,先做清洁、冷热敷、减少用眼等居家护理观察,不要自行用药。如果出现明显眼痛、视力下降、严重畏光,伴有大量分泌物,请及时到医院眼科就医,明确原因后规范治疗。

(中国疾控中心微信公众号)

Open Questions

  • 肠道病毒性结膜炎的具体流行季节和地区分布如何?
  • 不同类型眼红的自我鉴别方法有哪些具体表征?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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