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Back蕭美琴低調訪義參加歐洲議會論壇,凸顯台灣透過國際組織突圍外交孤立
蕭美琴低調訪義參加歐洲議會論壇,凸顯台灣透過國際組織突圍外交孤立
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BBC中文1 hour agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

蕭美琴低調訪義參加歐洲議會論壇,凸顯台灣透過國際組織突圍外交孤立

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台灣副總統蕭美琴於上週低調抵達義大利文托泰內島,參加由歐洲議會主辦的自由與民主論壇。此行發生在美中領袖9月底華府峰會前夕,台灣試圖透過歐洲議會這個非主權組織的邀請,繞過一中政策限制,擴展國際空間。行程全程保密,耗時27小時,未會見意大利政府官員。中國外交部強硬譴責並向意大利、歐盟提出交涉,歐盟執委會代表臨時取消出席並撤下會旗,凸顯台歐互動的敏感性與限制。學者指出,此種透過立法機關而非行政部門的外交路徑,雖屬利基,但提供台灣一個較不易受中國壓力的參與國際論壇的管道。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

台灣因未被聯合國承認及中國持續施壓,其外交空間受限。蕭美琴曾在2022年主導邀請美國眾議院議長佩洛西訪台,後被中國列入『台獨頑固分子』名單並遭制裁。2023年4月,隨著蔡英文過境美國會見眾議院議長麥卡錫,國台辦對蕭美琴實施進一步制裁。此次訪義是台灣繼去年參加布魯塞爾『印太國會議員聯盟』年會後,再次透過國際組織而非主權國家管道嘗試突破外交孤立的行動。

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作者, 呂嘉鴻 和 作者, 李澄欣 角色, BBC中文記者 發表時間 3 分鐘前 閱讀時間: 3 分鐘 台灣副總統蕭美琴上週現身意大利外海小島文托泰內(Ventotene),出席歐洲議會主辦的自由與民主論壇。 此行發生在特朗普與習近平預定9月底於華府舉行峰會的敏感時刻。峰會前,關稅與對台軍售正是雙方談判桌上持續博弈的籌碼。與此同時,身處意大利的蕭美琴沒有踏入羅馬總理府,也未與意大利外長會面,而是走向另一條路徑:接受歐洲議會副議長的邀請,現身歐洲議會的場域中。 這場行程刻意保密,直到落地才公開。從台北出發,蕭美琴一行輾轉搭機、換乘陸路與渡輪,全程耗時約27小時。這種近乎隱蔽的行進方式,也折射出台灣外交處境的艱難:不被聯合國承認,在北京持續施壓之下,每一步對外接觸都需謹慎鋪陳。 台北將此行定調為外交突圍,北京則痛批為「卑劣且徒勞」。更深的問題是:在中美高層重啟接觸的縫隙中,台灣嘗試藉由歐洲打開外交空間,從去年布魯塞爾歐洲議會到今年該議會在意大利的活動,台灣試圖藉「非主權組織」的邀請,繞開多數歐洲國家的一中政策,突破究竟有多大? 北京強硬回應,歐盟降低調門 對此,中國外交部發言人毛寧9月11日在例行記者會上措辭強硬,稱民進黨當局和個別政客「挖空心思四處蹭熱度,打著民主、自由的幌子『倚外謀獨』,這種行為令人不齒、終歸徒勞」。毛寧還稱,中方已就「台獨」政治人物赴意大利出席相關會議,向意大利與歐盟提出嚴正交涉。 官媒《環球時報》刊出評論稱,「真正發生危機時,歐洲政客不會替台灣民眾承受斷供停產的衝擊;美國政客不會替台灣家庭承受戰火風險」。 台媒《聯合新聞網》則報道,論壇現場原計劃懸掛的歐盟委員會標誌,在活動當天被撤下。該報引述知情人士稱,這顯示歐盟委員會不願因蕭美琴到訪而影響對華關係。 布魯塞爾馬騰斯中心(Martens Centre)學術委員會成員、曾任歐洲議會政治顧問的馮儒莎(Zsuzsa Anna Ferenczy)向BBC中文表示,蕭美琴獲歐洲議會副議長接待,凸顯議會外交在形塑歐盟與台灣關係上仍具持久重要性。 Skip 熱讀 and continue reading 熱讀 End of 熱讀 「在此背景下,歐盟執委會代表取消出席接待蕭副總統的活動,令人遺憾,也顯得短視。此舉可能削弱一場對歐洲具有戰略價值的交流,而執委會顯然尚未充分認識其重要性。」 北京對蕭美琴的批評並不意外。2022年8月,時任台灣駐美代表的蕭美琴主導邀請美國眾議院議長佩洛西(Nancy Pelosi)訪台,事後被中國大陸國台辦列入「台獨頑固分子」名單。2023年4月,時任台灣總統蔡英文過境美國、與新任眾議院議長麥卡錫會面後,國台辦再對蕭美琴實施「進一步制裁」,禁止她本人及家屬進入中國大陸、香港、澳門,並表示將「採取一切其他必要懲戒措施,依法終身追責」。 外交上的「利基」切口 蕭美琴雖獲歐洲議會邀請,但在接待她的活動中,歐盟執委會代表又取消出席,現場也未懸掛歐盟旗幟,體現出台灣外交空間的狹窄。 但在這樣的空間中,仍浮現出一條外交路徑:交往對象既不是一個主權國家,而是一個國際組織(即歐盟);同時也不是其行政分支,而是其立法分支(歐洲議會)。這一雙重錯位,可以找到一個不容易受到中國壓力的外交場域。 確切來說,雖然身處意大利,蕭美琴並非受意大利政府邀請,而是應歐洲議會副議長皮娜·皮齊耶諾(Pina Picierno)與歐洲議會意大利辦事處邀請,出席第二屆「文托泰內歐洲自由與民主論壇」。 文托泰內本身是一個帶有歷史重量的地點。1941年,反法西斯政治犯曾在這座島上寫下《文托泰內宣言》,後來該文件被視為歐洲聯邦主義思想的源頭。 台灣大學國家發展研究所助理南樂(Lev Nachman)認為,「即便場域相對利基(niche),正因避開過度挑釁,才讓副總統級出訪成為可能,仍屬有意義的外交開口,也顯示副總統不必只坐在台北,而能發揮她最擅長的外交功能。」 「利基」(niche) 一詞源自法語,原指牆壁上用以放置雕像或裝飾品的小凹槽,後來引申為「狹小卻精準」的細分市場或特定領域。 這條「利基」路徑也有先例。去年11月,蕭美琴出席在布魯塞爾舉行的「印太國會議員聯盟」年會,也是台灣突破外交孤立的一次嘗試——繞過歐盟成員國官方管道,轉而透過歐洲議會或跨國議員網絡參與價值導向的論壇。 馮儒莎評價稱,兩次出訪表明台灣認真看待與歐洲的關係,並持續投入深化雙方夥伴關係。 美中夾縫,台灣的自處與突圍 若將蕭美琴此行放入中美互動的時間軸來看,台灣議題正成為北京與美方博弈的籌碼之一。習近平預計9月24日訪問華府,成行前已傳出,若美方在峰會前批准對台新一輪軍售,不排除取消此次會晤。 在這樣的背景下,蕭美琴以副總統身份現身歐洲,被外界解讀為台灣試圖傳遞「不會被中美接觸節奏吞沒」的訊號。 馮儒莎向BBC中文表示,除了中國施壓之外,當前真正的挑戰在於如何縮小「台灣需要歐盟做什麼」與「歐盟願意優先處理什麼」之間的落差。她認為,雙方都需要更清楚理解彼此利益,並在政治象徵與具體實質利益之間取得平衡。 南樂則說,蕭美琴此次低調訪義,被視為台灣副總統少見的實質外交出擊;過往最接近的對照是賴清德赴日參加安倍國葬,但層級與性質不同。她行前保密到家,抵達文托泰內後才曝光,發言務實克制,符合其長年外交官風格。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 中國將對蕭美琴及其家屬維持或升級現有制裁措施,禁止其進入中國大陸、香港及澳門。

    Very likely · Within months

  • 歐洲議會將繼續邀請台灣代表參加價值導向論壇,但歐盟執委會將保持低調或避免正式出席,以免影響對華關係。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 歐盟執委會代表為何臨時取消出席蕭美琴的論壇活動?
  • 意大利政府是否知悉並默許此次論壇舉辦?
  • 未來台灣是否會繼續透過歐洲議會或其他國際組織立法分支進行外交接觸?
  • 美中9月底華府峰會是否會因對台軍售議題而受影響?

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This article was originally published by BBC中文.

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