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Back摩洛哥国王任命法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里为首位女性首相
摩洛哥国王任命法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里为首位女性首相
Politics
德国之声1 hour agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

摩洛哥国王任命法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里为首位女性首相

法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里领导的真实性与现代党在议会选举中获得最多席位,成为摩洛哥历史上首位女性政府首脑。

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摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世任命法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里为新任首相。曼苏里领导的真实性与现代党在议会选举中赢得最多席位。作为摩洛哥首位女性首相,她将面临组建联合政府、解决青年失业及筹办2030年世界杯等挑战。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

2011年“阿拉伯之春”后摩洛哥进行宪政改革,扩大了议会和政府权限。新宪法规定首相由议会选举中得票最多的政党产生。

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摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世任命法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里为新一任首相。这是摩洛哥历史上首次由女性担任首相,被视为摩洛哥历史上一个具有象征意义的时刻。

摩洛哥99%的人口信奉伊斯兰教。2011年“阿拉伯之春”后,摩洛哥进行了宪政改革,国王虽然继续拥有最高绝对权力,是国家元首、武装部队最高统帅,并在外交和宗教事务上拥有决定性话语权,但议会和政府的行政与立法权限得以扩大。新宪法规定首相由议会选举中得票最多的政党产生,并由国王任命。

在9月23日举行的摩洛哥议会选举中,法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里领导的中间派政党“真实性与现代党”(PAM)赢得了395个席位中的97席,位居各党之首。

现年50岁的法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里出生于马拉喀什一个显赫的家庭,曾接受过系统法律教育成为律师,并在法国和美国深造。2008年加入真实性与现代党,2009年和2021年两度当选马拉喀什市长,成为该市首位女性市长。

2021年,曼苏里进入摩洛哥中央政府,担任国土规划、城市规划和住房等领域的部长。2023年摩洛哥马拉喀什发生大地震后,曼苏里多次前往灾区与受灾民众接触,广受好评。

鉴于组阁需要议会绝对多数,即至少198席,真实性与现代党无法单独组建政府,而需要寻找联盟伙伴。曼苏里能否迅速找到稳定的合作伙伴,将是她上任后的第一个政治考验。

外界预计,新政府将推行促进经济的政策,致力于化解青年人的失望情绪,缓解失业问题。今年7月下旬至8月上旬,数万名主要由年轻男性组成的摩洛哥人涌入西班牙飞地休达,引发了近年来最严重的移民危机。

新政府还将面临筹办2030年世界杯足球赛的任务。届时,摩洛哥将与西班牙和葡萄牙共同举办该赛事。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 曼苏里将寻求与其他政党组建联合政府以达到198席的多数要求。

    Very likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 曼苏里能否成功组建联合政府?
  • 新政府如何具体应对青年失业问题?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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