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Back山东海阳:一把锡镶壶,千锤“绣”古今
山东海阳:一把锡镶壶,千锤“绣”古今
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中国新闻网2 hours agoCulture3 min readChinaView translation

山东海阳:一把锡镶壶,千锤“绣”古今

Quick Look

山东海阳的锡镶壶制作技艺源远流长,历经十余道手工工序,由匠人李晓霞、李华涛、于方宴等传承与创新。该技艺可追溯至后汉,兴盛于清代,2021年入选山东省非物质文化遗产。面临传承困境与审美变化,传承人车绍蕾团队通过创新设计拓展产品应用,推出“盛世古韵”系列,努力让古技艺在现代焕发新生。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

锡镶壶技艺源于后汉,兴盛于清代。晚清海阳匠人韩合勤赴京学习后返乡创立荣宝苑,使技艺在胶东地区传承。1994年第四代传承人韩吉亭完成品牌注册,2021年入选山东省非物质文化遗产。

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錾锤起落,清脆的叮当声在山东海阳一座锡镶壶制作工坊内回响。錾刻师傅李晓霞手持錾具,俯身在薄如绢帛的锡片上反复敲打,一锤一錾宛若刺绣,祥云、瑞兽的线条次第浮现。

錾刻只是开始。一把锡镶壶的诞生,要历经十余道手工工序,每一项都考验匠人的眼力与手感。这项古老的技艺,如今正行走在守艺与求新之间。

图为李晓霞在錾刻纹样。王娇妮 摄

“这活儿急不得,一锤过重锡纹便断,力道偏轻纹样又难成型。跟绣花一个理,针脚的深浅全靠手感。”从事錾刻二十多年的李晓霞说,錾刻不打底稿,全凭多年经验在脑中构图。

錾刻定纹路,镶嵌定全貌。负责镶嵌的李华涛介绍,预制好的锡纹贴上去不难,难在贴合后不走形。壶身弧度各有不同,锡材软中带硬,每次对位、压合,都靠一双手反复掂量,让锡纹与壶身合二为一。

图为于方宴在给作品抛光。王娇妮 摄

打磨抛光是最后一道关键工序。“机器打磨的光泽浮在表面,手工打磨的才越磨越润。”抛光师傅于方宴介绍,仅一处壶口就要摩擦数千遍,直至光可鉴人。多轮细磨后,冷硬锡材收敛锋芒,与壶身相映,呈现温润沉静的质感。

提纯、熔炼、錾刻、镶嵌、抛光、镀金……十余道工序走完,一把锡镶壶才算真正成型。

锡镶壶技艺,相传可追溯至后汉,兴盛于清代。晚清时期,海阳匠人韩合勤赴京入宫廷作坊研习锡镶技艺,晚年返乡创立“荣宝苑”,让昔日藏于深宫的工艺扎根山东胶东地区。

手艺薪火相传。1994年,海阳荣宝苑锡镶壶制作技艺第四代传承人韩吉亭完成品牌注册,工坊开启规范化运营。锡镶壶作品兼具观赏与收藏价值,既受藏家青睐,也进入企业、机构定制清单,成为特色礼赠佳品。2021年,锡镶壶制作技艺入选山东省省级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录。

然而,历经岁月沉淀,这项古老技艺也面临传承困境。目前锡镶壶制作技艺主要流传于山东烟台、威海一带,坚守的匠人数量寥寥。

锡镶壶制作技艺烟台市市级非物质文化遗产代表性传承人、烟台荣宝苑工艺品有限公司总经理车绍蕾坦言,传承压力主要来自两方面,一是愿意沉下心研习手艺的年轻人越来越少,二是市场审美发生了变化。锡镶壶传统样式以满工繁饰为主,在二十世纪九十年代至二十一世纪初广受欢迎,至今仍有藏家青睐。但简约留白已成当下审美主流,传统款式的市场空间不断缩小。

图为车绍蕾改良设计后新推出的锡镶壶作品。王娇妮 摄

手艺不能困在旧审美里。在保留核心工艺的前提下,车绍蕾团队调整思路,通过删减纹饰数量、收窄线条宽度,让器物留白更多、视觉更透气。

自2022年起,该团队从纹样设计、模具优化到产品体系多维度研发,推出“盛世古韵”系列产品,打破锡镶长期以茶具为主的品类局限,开发咖啡具、笔筒、福盘等数十款新品,不断拓宽产品应用场景。

老匠人严守传统工序,新生代传承人在设计上探索创新。锡镶壶制作技艺,仍在寻找自己的下一站。(完)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 锡镶壶创新产品如咖啡具、笔筒等将逐步获得市场认可

    Likely · Within months

  • 通过设计创新,传统锡镶壶将吸引更多年轻消费者关注

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 年轻人学习锡镶壶技艺的具体人数是多少?
  • 创新产品如咖啡具、笔筒的市场接受度如何?
  • 是否有政府或机构提供专项资金支持技艺传承?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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