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Back台灣黑熊復育成功,首次記錄第一視角揭露與人類聚落接近行為
台灣黑熊復育成功,首次記錄第一視角揭露與人類聚落接近行為
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自由时报1 hour agoEnvironment2 min readChinaView translation

台灣黑熊復育成功,首次記錄第一視角揭露與人類聚落接近行為

Quick Look

台灣黑熊經復育後數量增至約1200隻,林保署透過野放熊隻安裝攝影鏡頭頸圈首次記錄黑熊第一視角,發現牠們進入淺山聚落、翻找垃圾甚至吃人類遺留便當,顯示人熊距離更近,署方已制定應變指引、建置通報系統並引入AI預警以降低衝突風險。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

台灣黑熊曾因棲地破壞而數量驟降,近年透過復育與保育措施逐漸恢復,林保署於今年三月初估族群數達約1200隻,並透過野放熊隻安裝衛星發報頸圈與攝影鏡頭進行追蹤研究。

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台灣黑熊近年復育有成,今年三月時初估約一千二百隻,林保署野放黑熊時放置鏡頭頸圈,首度成功記錄黑熊第一視角,確定黑熊已從深山區域進入淺山聚落,該署制定「人熊衝突應變指引」,也建置黑熊通報系統,在熊出沒高風險區引入AI預警系統,以降低人熊衝突風險。

野放鏡頭頸圈揭露第一視角

台灣黑熊「達古阿里」、「阿里曼.西肯」曾闖入花蓮山區部落,林保署花蓮分署捕捉後野放,在這二隻熊的衛星發報頸圈安裝攝影鏡頭,昨發布相關影像,揭露黑熊第一視角,發現部分個體會在十二月下旬到隔年三月初出現冬眠蟄伏與換洞行為,除翻轉過去學界認為台灣黑熊不冬眠理論,還發現黑熊會到檳榔園、果園,並接近人類聚落,也可看到黑熊翻找人類遺留在山區的垃圾,甚至吃起雞腿便當等,顯示黑熊和人的距離比原預估更近。

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3月初估台灣黑熊約1200隻

林保署今年三月時初估台灣黑熊約一千二百隻,年底擬再發布更精確的黑熊族群數目,林保署署長林華慶指出,隨棲地復育,過去黑熊多出現在花蓮分署、台東分署、台中分署轄區,現在則是新竹分署轄區也都發現蹤跡,出現頻率也增加。

若要人熊和平相處,除須增加人對熊的理解,也要降低人熊遭遇機會,該署導入AI與監視系統,盡可能及早預知熊是否入侵,在二分鐘內發預警,也在山區聚落內設置避免熊隻翻找食物的防熊垃圾桶,並拉設電圍網讓熊隻無法接近等;為讓民眾知道遇到熊後該如何應變,已制定簡易人熊遭遇指引,將發放給熊出沒熱區社區學校。

避免接觸 降低人熊衝突

林華慶表示,降低人熊衝突最好方式就是避免接觸,民眾到訪山區一定要將垃圾帶走;他也指出,每當部落遇到人熊衝突,部分都市民眾會有「原民入侵黑熊棲地」、「要原民搬離」等不理性言論,其實原民傳統是不可獵殺黑熊,和自然共存的生活方式更保留讓黑熊棲息的天然林和次生林,希望不同區域居民可以互相理解。

學者籲投入更多經費研究

東海大學特聘教授林良恭指出,去年日本就發生五萬多起目擊熊隻事件,有二三八人受傷、十三人致死。熊具有強大的學習能力,日本研究顯示熊若接近人類聚落,隔三代後才會再拉開人熊距離;他也指出,日本因熊隻侵擾嚴重,相關研究與防護經費從一億日圓提高到六十億日圓,也希望我國政府可投入更多經費研究。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 林保署將於年底發布更精確的台灣黑熊族群數目

    Likely · Within months

  • 政府將增加黑熊研究與防護經費投入

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 更精確的黑熊年底族群數目是多少?
  • AI預警系統在實際場域中的準確率如何?
  • 民眾對人熊共處的接受度提升速度為何?

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