
美國新聞網站《Semafor》評論指出習近平垮台後中共內部可能出現劇烈動盪
美國新聞網站《Semafor》發表評論指出,73歲的習近平正面臨健康狀況不佳與未指定接班人的困境,其權力終局與身後動盪將成全球焦點,並警告可能因內政壓力在台灣問題鋌而走險。
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獨裁者面臨權力交接困境,歷史上毛澤東與鄧小平時代皆伴隨權力鬥爭與動盪。
美國新聞網站《Semafor》13日發表題為「習近平的終局倒數計時,將成為全球矚目焦點」評論指出,習近平垮台後,中共內部可能出現劇烈動盪,甚至會像當年毛澤東死後那樣,舊部發動政變。
評論引用澳洲漢學家白傑明(Geremie R. Barme)的話說:「獨裁者與家長式的統治者都面臨著同一個致命困境,那就是他們一旦掌權,走向滅亡的倒數計時就開始了。」
評論說,毛澤東的健康每況愈下,最終走向瘋狂,使中國一度瀕臨內戰邊緣。鄧小平死前10年中國政局動盪,包括發生六四天安門事件,但他最終還是平靜地離世。如今,習近平的終局倒數計時已經開始。
評論指出,現年73歲的習近平身體狀況不佳,行動明顯遲緩。近期訪美期間,他走下飛機時甚至需要妻子彭麗媛暗中攙扶;在白宮時,中方罕見地提出了需要「休息室」的要求,而且他與川普的會談時間也出人意料地短暫。
然而,即便健康狀況令人擔憂,習近平也沒有像他的前任那樣明確指定接班人。
評論分析,對獨裁政權來說,權力交接是最危險的時刻,而習近平面臨的困境尤其棘手。因為如果他現在指定接班人來延續其政策並維護其政治遺產,則可能在他準備交出權力數年之前就發生激烈的內鬥,提前動搖自己的權力;但如果拖得太久,一旦他死亡,又會導致危險的權力真空。
但檢視目前的情況,中共現任的政治局常委年齡都偏大,接班習近平的可能性極低;如果跨級提拔新人,可能欠缺足夠的實力贏得軍隊的忠誠,並維繫黨的團結。此外,習近平在指定接班人之後,有可能再度棄之不顧。毛澤東指定接班人之一的劉少奇,在單獨監禁中死於糖尿病和肺炎,最後躺在自己的排泄物之中。鄧小平在最終選定江澤民之前,曾先後任命2名接班人。
習近平對身邊的人越來越疑神疑鬼,在過去10幾年清洗了大量高官,這都讓潛在的「二把手」極度危險、難以存活。
評論也警告,習近平一直將統一台灣視為核心目標。如果中國未來面臨長期的政治不確定性和經濟下滑,社會不滿情緒上升,他很可能會在台灣問題上孤注一擲、鋌而走險。
評論最後指出,習近平時代的終結,可能像毛澤東時代。當年毛澤東死後,他的下屬立即發動不流血政變,逮捕了以毛夫人江青為首的「四人幫」,並進行公審。事實上,在2012年習近平剛剛掌權時,就曾發生其主要對手薄熙來落馬被捕,以及謠傳北京街頭出現戰車和槍響等劇烈動盪。
如今,習近平將中國拉回了個人獨裁的時代,既然他已攀上了權力的頂峰,現在就必須面對由此給中國帶來的後果。正如鄧小平曾經警告的那樣,「把一個國家的命運建立在一兩個人的名望之上是非常不健康的,也是非常危險的。」

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