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Back劳动观察:恶意解雇?职场“冷暴力”不可纵容
劳动观察:恶意解雇?职场“冷暴力”不可纵容
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中国新闻网3 days agoLabor3 min readChinaView translation

劳动观察:恶意解雇?职场“冷暴力”不可纵容

Quick Look

近期劳动者遭遇半月工资仅55元、被踢出845个工作群的恶意解雇事件引发关注。文章指出,一些企业通过移出工作群、关闭企业微信权限等“冷暴力”手段逼员工主动离职以规避法律赔偿责任,这种行为不仅损害劳动者权益,也反噬企业长期发展。文中强调需加强监管、企业自律和劳动者维权意识,以构建和谐劳动关系。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

文章指出,尽管劳动部门介入和法院判决对个别恶意解雇事件有所处理,但以“冷暴力”方式逼员工离职的现象仍然普遍存在,反映出劳动力市场中用工责任和权益保障方面的制度漏洞。

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近日,劳动者遭遇“半月工资仅55元,被踢出845个工作群”的恶意解雇事件引发社会关注。尽管随着劳动部门介入、法院判决,事件本身得到一定程度解决,但背后折射出的以“冷暴力”方式逼员工离职现象,以及由此延伸的劳动者权益保障、企业用工责任等问题,仍是劳动力市场建设中绕不开的重要课题。

事实上,“半月工资55元,被踢出845个工作群”这类案件并非个例。从多地法院发布的典型案例来看,移出工作群聊、关闭企业微信权限、停用打卡系统、搬走办公电脑、不安排工作内容……不少企业将解雇从“明着来”变成“暗操作”,用“冷暴力”逼迫员工主动离职。

就业不仅仅是经济问题,还会对社会稳定产生影响,这也是就业是民生之本、发展之基的重大意义所在。然而,近些年,违规解聘的现象屡屡发生,比如前不久发生的企业“批量劝退”高校应届毕业生事件等,这些行为不仅会打击劳动者特别是青年群体的就业信心,对构建就业友好型社会也产生不小的破坏。实际上,此类恶意解雇对企业自身也没有好处,会产生明显的“回旋镖效应”:既损害企业品牌声誉,也会动摇内部员工队伍的稳定性,反噬企业长期发展的根基。

在此类恶意解雇事件中,有许多值得我们认真思考的问题。企业之所以采取“冷暴力”方式逼员工离职,主要是为了逃避法定解雇责任。

在我国现行的劳动法律法规中,企业有根据实际情况招聘和解聘的权利。但与此同时,法律也同样为劳动者设置了相应的解雇保护规则。解聘员工需提前告知、支付经济补偿,变更劳动合同需协商一致,规模性裁员还要听取工会或职工意见、向劳动行政部门报告。但如果劳动者主动提出离职,用人单位则无须支付经济补偿。

正是这一制度差异,让一些企业动了“歪心思”:不直接出具解雇通知,而是利用自身用工优势地位,通过一系列边缘化、冷暴力的方式,逼迫员工主动辞职,从而实现“零成本”解雇。更有部分企业故意保留打卡权限却不提供工作条件,等劳动者因无工位而不到岗时,再以“严重违反规章制度”为由合法开除,规避补偿责任。很显然,这不仅破坏了法律尊严,更对员工合法权益造成极大损害。

这种“暗操作”之所以屡屡得逞,与劳动者的弱势地位直接相关。面对企业的强势行为,劳动者不仅承担了巨大的心理压力,还面临取证难、举证难、维权成本高等困境。尤其是高校应届毕业生,往往忌惮履历留下“纠纷记录”,面对企业施压更容易被动妥协。

遏制企业用“冷暴力”方式逼员工离职的乱象,关键在于限制企业恶意解雇的权力,多方共同发力织密劳动者权益保障网。

清晰界定企业的解雇权十分必要。监管层面,要严格依照劳动法律法规规范企业用工行为,清晰界定此类用“冷暴力”逼员工离职方式达到解雇目的的违法性质,对通过各种变相手段剥夺员工工作权利、逼迫员工离职的行为,加强监督检查与惩处力度,堵住企业避责的制度缝隙。

对企业来说,应当树立“员工是最宝贵财富”的用工理念。善待员工、尊重劳动者,才是企业行稳致远的立身之本。只有充分保障劳动者的合法权益,才能真正调动员工的积极性与创造性,在市场竞争中获得长期优势。

劳动者也要提升运用法律武器维权的意识与能力。遇到“冷暴力”时,要第一时间注意留存证据——踢出工作群截图、降薪通知、不合理调岗文件、沟通录音等,都是证明企业违法的关键证据。可先与企业协商要求恢复正常工作条件,协商无果可向劳动监察部门投诉,或申请劳动仲裁、提起诉讼,通过合法途径主张赔偿金、补发工资等权益。

就业稳则民心稳。应当清醒地认识到,在当前劳动力市场供需压力仍存、就业形势依然较为严峻的背景下,遏制“恶意解雇”“批量劝退”等损害劳动者就业权益的现象,既是维护法律尊严与劳动者权益的必然要求,也是促进高质量充分就业、加快构建就业友好型社会的必要之举。善待员工不是企业的额外负担,而是企业可持续发展的内在逻辑。尊重劳动者合法权益,构建和谐稳定的劳动关系,对内能够凝聚员工向心力,激活组织活力,夯实企业长远发展的人才根基;对外能够树立良好社会形象,履行市场主体应有的社会责任。

(作者李长安为对外经济贸易大学国家对外开放研究院研究员)

《工人日报》(2026年09月07日 07版)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 劳动监管部门将加强对企业用工行为的监督检查,特别是对通过变相手段逼员工离职的行为进行惩处。

    Likely · Within months

  • 劳动者维权意识将提升,遇到职场冷暴力时更主动留存证据并通过法律途径维权。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 劳动监察部门对变相解雇行为的处罚力度是否足够?
  • 高校应届毕业生在面临职场压力时,能否获得更有效的法律援助?
  • 企业如何在法律合规前提下实现用工灵活性与员工稳定性的平衡?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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