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Back台灣9月製造業PMI續揚至63.4% 創逾3年最快擴張
台灣9月製造業PMI續揚至63.4% 創逾3年最快擴張
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness4 min readChinaView translation

台灣9月製造業PMI續揚至63.4% 創逾3年最快擴張

中經院公布9月台灣製造業PMI指數續揚0.9個百分點至63.4%,創2021年8月以來最快擴張速度。

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中經院公布9月台灣製造業PMI續揚0.9個百分點至63.4%,創2021年8月以來最快擴張速度。然而電子業新增訂單降溫,加上供應瓶頸、原物料漲價與中東衝突影響,成本壓力持續升高。

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Why It Matters

中經院定期公布台灣採購經理人指數,反映製造業與非製造業之景氣動向與成本壓力。

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中經院公布9月台灣製造業PMI指數續揚0.9個百分點至63.4%,創2021年8月以來最快擴張速度。(資料照)

中國9月官方製造業PMI在景氣榮枯線邊緣掙扎,最新指數回到50.1%,台灣則是表現亮眼。中經院1日公布9月經季節調整後的製造業採購經理人指數(PMI),續揚0.9個百分點至63.4%,連續12個月擴張,更創2021年8月以來最快擴張速度。不過,電子業新增訂單明顯降溫,加上零組件缺料、交期拉長及原物料漲價,中經院指出,供應瓶頸與成本壓力持續影響製造業生產與庫存配置。

中經院指出,9月PMI續揚主要受到供應商交貨時間、存貨指數攀升帶動,但具領先性的新增訂單擴張速度反而趨緩,顯示製造業景氣雖然熱絡,後續需求動能仍須觀察。其中,電子暨光學產業仍是製造業主要支撐,9月PMI為62.6%,連續11個月擴張;但新增訂單指數大跌10.8個百分點至56.7%,生產指數也下滑3.7個百分點至60%,反映AI需求仍強,卻已出現訂單降溫跡象。

中經院分析,AI國際科技大廠受到供給限制,調整產品記憶體配置,智慧型手機品牌也調高新產品售價,加上其他消費電子及供應鏈陸續漲價,長短料錯置及交期延長持續干擾生產排程。電子暨光學產業存貨指數升至64.8%,客戶存貨指數也轉為過高,顯示先前因AI需求而快速拉貨的供應鏈,庫存壓力開始升高;未來6個月展望則降至62.4%,為今年1月以來最低。

另一方面,原物料產業訂單動能升溫,部分抵銷電子業新增訂單降溫的影響。化學生技暨醫療產業新增訂單升至約60%的擴張速度,新增出口訂單也大增8.2個百分點至59.5%,創2025年4月以來最快。

但中東衝突升溫、能源運輸受阻,國際原油價格突破每桶100美元,化學生技暨醫療產業原物料價格指數大增11.2個百分點至77%。傳統塑化業者面臨原料、運輸成本雙漲,終端價格轉嫁空間卻有限。

基礎原物料產業則明顯升溫,9月PMI升至56.7%,新增訂單及生產同步突破60%;受到中國鋼企「控產降庫」及國內外鋼材、廢鋼價格走揚影響,原物料價格指數大增21.6個百分點至73.8%。此外,半導體擴廠、AI資料中心,以及電力、能源基礎建設投資持續,也支撐鋼材及高階金屬材料需求。

非製造業方面,9月NMI回升1.3個百分點至56.9%,連續19個月維持擴張。中經院指出,連續假期、年底專案、科技投資及物流需求帶動服務業景氣,不過成本壓力也同步升高,採購價格指數升至68.1%,已連續9個月維持60%以上。

運輸倉儲業也受第三季海空運旺季及年底備貨帶動,需求升溫,但中東航線受阻、航程拉長,運輸成本持續增加。但零售業對後市較為保守,9月NMI雖維持擴張,但未來6個月展望大跌至43.5%,成為8大產業中唯一呈現緊縮,顯示暑假旺季結束、周年慶尚未啟動之際,消費市場觀望氣氛仍濃。

Open Questions

  • 電子業庫存去化速度是否會持續惡化?
  • 中東衝突對原油及運輸成本的影響何時緩解?

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