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Back“十五五”开局之年多项国家能源专项规划陆续发布:氢能加速迈向规模化发展
“十五五”开局之年多项国家能源专项规划陆续发布:氢能加速迈向规模化发展
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中国新闻网yesterdayEnergy6 min readChinaView translation

“十五五”开局之年多项国家能源专项规划陆续发布:氢能加速迈向规模化发展

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“十五五”时期,氢能首次被纳入非化石能源供给体系。我国首条跨省区纯氢管道“西氢东送”加紧建设,输氢管道首次纳入国家新型能源基础设施重点工程。绿氢产能占全球半数以上,两项氢能新职业获国家公示。

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Why It Matters

“十五五”时期,氢能首次被纳入非化石能源供给体系,我国绿氢产能已占全球一半以上。

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“十五五”开局之年,多项国家能源专项规划陆续发布。氢能、新型储能、算电协同如何落地发展?记者深入产业一线,解读规划部署如何转化为产业现实。

氢能储运瓶颈加速打通

“十五五”时期,氢能首次被纳入非化石能源供给体系,正式成为我国清洁能源的重要组成部分。跟随记者镜头一起了解。

氢气和氧气在车里“握了个手”,反应一下,电出来了,成为汽车的动力,剩下的只有水。而这是氢和煤、油最不一样的地方。干净,是氢最根本的特点。而不只是干净,氢还能让车跑得更远。这辆正在加氢的重卡车,一次可以加注37公斤的氢气,能跑500多公里。

氢虽然干净,能量大,但它特别轻,有个小缝隙就能钻出去,要想将它储运起来,比油、比电都费劲。储运一度是阻碍氢能产业发展的拦路虎,不过现在这只拦路虎正在被除掉。

总台央视记者 孙渊:这是目前市场上最主流的储氢罐——35兆帕储氢罐,罐内压力是大气压力的350倍,相当于3500米深海底的水压。为什么压这么狠?因为氢太“轻”,不压根本运不出去。

这样一个储氢罐里能装11公斤的氢气,而为了能装下更多的氢,在这家企业里,液态氢的储存罐正在研发。

不只是储存,运输氢能的设施也越来越完备。眼下,我国首条跨省区、大规模、长距离的纯氢输送管道——西氢东送大通道正在加紧建设。目前,全国已建成及规划在建的输氢管道总里程突破1.3万公里,曾经“存不住、运不动”的氢,一个个瓶颈正在被打破。

氢能首次写进五年规划 跻身能源主力阵容

凭借清洁低碳、能量密度高的突出优势,氢能首次被纳入五年规划,在我国能源格局中的地位也实现重要跃升。

身份之变,背后是产业之变。不久前发布的《中国氢能发展报告(2026)》给“十五五”氢能发展定了调:锚定“规模化发展新阶段”,氢能正在从“政策驱动”迈向“市场驱动”。在张家港,上半年氢能产业签约投资金额达到20.3亿元,半年时间就比去年一年翻了一倍。

如今,我国一年的氢产量3900多万吨,稳居世界第一;可再生能源制氢产能占到全球一半以上。产能提升的同时,氢能的应用场景越来越多。在张家港,一个氢光互补的智能微电网正在稳定运行。

氢能的应用不止局限于电网。在山东潍坊一家养老机构的餐厅里,厨师们正在准备午餐,灶台上,掺了氢气的火苗更蓝。

在《新型能源体系建设“十五五”规划》里,输氢管道被纳入国家新型能源基础设施重点工程,这也是输氢管道首次被纳入重点工程,未来五年,将会有更多的氢走进千家万户。

中国电力企业联合会规划发展部主任 张琳:目前我国绿氢产能占全球一半以上,氢能正从“示范应用”迈向“规模化发展”。未来五年是氢能转向“市场驱动”的关键时期,氢能“制储输用”全产业链的崛起,蕴藏着绿色转型与万亿规模的市场机遇。

氢能新职业带来发展新机遇

不久前,人力资源社会保障部公示了一批新职业。名单里,出现了两个与氢能产业相关的名字:“电解水制氢工”“氢燃料电池制造工”。新职业会打开怎样的发展空间?

在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县,国内首个风光制氢项目正在运转。在这里,记者碰到了电解水制氢工陈越奇,他正在向青年工人讲解绿电制氢装置的工艺特性。

正是看中发展空间,干了十多年煤化工的小陈,转岗当上了电解水制氢工。刚开始,新工作挑战可不小。传统化工生产稳当、好把控,而绿氢生产得跟着风光发电走,时强时弱,对操作和安全要求更高。为了适应新工作,他连续一个多月泡在现场,一遍遍试、数据一条条记,摸出一套操作办法。

如今,内蒙古的绿氢产能产量已占到全国三分之一,位居第一。不断壮大的产业规模,也让当地加快了职业人才的培养。在内蒙古这家职业技术学院的实训教室里,学生正在学习从制氢到发电的全流程。这所学校不但新开设了氢能技术应用专业,新专业还和原来的光伏、化工专业合成“风光氢储”新能源专业群。

如今,像这样开设氢能技术应用专业的高职院校,内蒙古已经有了3所,其中,超八成学生与本地重点产业进行对接。氢能产业正在转化成当地高质量发展和百姓就业的新机遇。

记者丨孙渊 杨曜语 杨光 徐大为 呼和牧仁

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 输氢管道和氢能应用将在“十五五”期间进一步普及

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 西氢东送大通道的具体竣工和通气时间表是什么?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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