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Back美台迎超級央行週 聯準會與台灣央行利率動向備受關注
美台迎超級央行週 聯準會與台灣央行利率動向備受關注
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness4 min readChinaView translation

美台迎超級央行週 聯準會與台灣央行利率動向備受關注

美國8月通膨水準仍高,聯準會升息預期增強;台灣央行將召開理監事會議,利率走向面臨抉擇。

Quick Look

美台本週迎接超級央行週,美國因8月通膨居高不下及美伊戰爭影響,聯準會升息機率升高,恐引發總統川普不滿;台灣央行也將召開理監事會議,面對通膨與國際情勢,利率是否打破連9凍備受關注。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國8月通膨率維持高檔,台灣央行政策利率先前已連續9季維持不變。

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美國與台灣本週迎來超級央行週,美國8月通膨水準仍高,市場對聯準會升息預期隨之增強,全球關注其利率會議結果;而台灣央行隨後也將召開第3季理監事會議,利率走向是否打破連續按兵不動格局,市場屏息以待。

●美國通膨仍處高水準 聯準會是否升息將掀牌

美國聯準會(Fed)9月利率決策會議將於美東時間9月15日至16日舉行,預計台灣時間9月17日凌晨2時公布利率決議結果。

由於美國8月CPI年增率仍在3.4%高水準,即使去除變動較大的食物與能源項目,核心CPI也較7月增加0.3%。市場多認為,聯邦準備理事會(Fed)會議將調升基準利率。

●通膨壓力未減 美國可能進入升息週期

法新社報導,美國通貨膨脹率雖未再升溫,但依舊遠高於今年稍早水準,也明顯超出聯準會設定的長期目標2%。另數名聯準會官員先前已表明,若8月通膨數據未呈現物價升勢緩和,他們準備升息。聯準會上次升息得回溯至3年前。

美國通膨率在2022年觸頂後持續下跌,但一直未降到目標水準2%;今年2月一度跌到2.4%,不過當月底美國總統川普(Donald Trump)對伊朗開戰後,通膨率又飆回3年前高點。

目前美伊戰爭未止,國際原油價格維持100美元高檔,市場甚至認為聯準會若僅小幅及短暫升息恐無法處理通膨。華爾街日報(The Wall Street Journal)報導,央行人士不相信升息一碼就可降低通膨,聯準若升息,顯示官員們認為現行利率未在適當水準,一次升息無法處理問題。

●聯準會若升息 川普恐不悅

不過,美國將在11月舉行期中選舉,美國總統川普(Donald Trump)期待聯準會新任主席華許(Kevin Warsh),推動降息以刺激經濟,但美國通膨因美伊戰爭,華許立場轉趨鷹派,他早前表示,「不認為現在處於好的狀態」。

外界認為,聯準會若升息恐將惹怒川普,使得利率政策存在政治敏感性。

川普在9月初以8月非農就業數據強勁作為由,發文施壓Fed降息,否則將與對美方存在貿易逆差的國家停止貿易往來。川普文章稱,「聯準會和它的偉大新領袖必須學聰明一點,展現愛國情操。高利率使美國陷入非常不公平的劣勢,我不容許這種情況發生!」

●台灣央行17日召開理監事會議

在台灣方面,央行將緊接著將於17日召開第3季理監事會議,市場關注利率政策走向。

事實上,台灣政策利率已「連9凍」,但央行貨幣政策立場可能更往緊縮方向前進。央行總裁楊金龍6月表示,當時已有2名理事主張升息,雖然理事會最終仍決議維持政策利率不變,但他也指出,現階段貨幣政策態度仍「偏鷹」。

時序邁入第3季,主計總處8月最新預測將今年全年消費者物價指數(CPI)年增率上修至2.07%,高於央行通膨警戒線;同時,歐洲央行已宣布升息,美國與日本採取升息機率也偏高,國際主要央行政策變化,均增添台灣央行貨幣政策決策難度。

●學者看台灣具升息條件 但產業表現分歧需考量

國泰世華銀行首席經濟學家林啟超直言,「不論是國內條件、還是國際情勢,(升息)check list已經全部打勾了」,是否升息就是央行的「一念之間」。

不過,台經院景氣預測中心主任孫明德指出,目前市場資金緊俏、AI與非AI產業表現分歧,加上房市交易冷清,各項因素相互拉扯,央行權衡之下,也可能選擇按兵不動。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美國聯準會將公布9月利率決策結果

    Very likely · Within days

  • 台灣央行將召開第3季理監事會議

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 聯準會是否會在9月會議正式宣佈升息?
  • 台灣央行是否會打破連9凍格局?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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