
網紅醫西斯卡波哈特解釋咖啡因如何阻斷腺苷受體提升警覺性,同時說明其代謝差異、健康益處與風險,並建議每日攝取上限為400毫克、睡前8至10小時避免攝取,注意隱性咖啡因來源如能量飲料與止痛藥。
AI-generated summary
咖啡因是許多人日常飲品中的常見成分,但其對身體的影響複雜且常有爭議,部分人感到提神,部分人則出現焦慮或失眠,導致公眾對其益處與風險感到混亂。
〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕很多人喜愛在上午喝杯咖啡,開啟一天的美好時光;然各界有各式研究對於咖啡以及咖啡因褒貶參半,內容多元卻讓人感到混亂;或是很多人一天沒喝咖啡便感到頭痛,想問「咖啡因對我是好或壞?」專攻睡眠醫學的網紅醫西斯卡波哈特(Seth Capehart)在頻道說明咖啡因在人體內的影響,並且提出建議攝取方式。該影片獲得高達19萬次觀賞。
咖啡因在人體內能夠阻斷腺苷。人體清醒時大腦會累積腺苷(Adenosine),讓人感到昏昏欲睡;咖啡因結構與腺苷相似,會「佔據」受體,阻止腺苷傳遞疲倦訊號。
請繼續往下閱讀...
同時,大腦誤以為有緊急狀況,會促使腎上腺素釋放,並提升多巴胺與去甲腎上腺素活性,從而提高警覺性與改善心情。若攝取咖啡因,咖啡因會使腦部血管收縮,這也是為何它是部分頭痛藥物的成分之一,以及戒斷時會產生頭痛的原因。
另外,人體內的 CYP1A2 基因控制著分解咖啡因的酵素。有些人的基因與體質,能迅速清除咖啡因,即使晚間飲用咖啡也不影響睡眠。反之,不少人的咖啡因留在體內時間較長,容易引發焦慮、失眠。研究顯示,慢代謝者每天喝超過 4 杯咖啡可能會增加心臟病發作風險。接著,卡波哈特說明「適量喝咖啡」對長期的健康效益。
降低死亡率與疾病風險:多項大型研究(涵蓋近 380萬人)顯示,每天飲用約 3 至 3.5 杯咖啡,全因死亡率可降低 13–15%,且心血管死亡率下降,第 2 型糖尿病風險可降低約 30%。
低因咖啡也很好:低因咖啡(Decaf)同樣具有健康效益,說明咖啡中的抗氧化劑與多酚(Polyphenols)也發揮了重要作用。但卡波哈特提醒,上述優點,僅適用於黑咖啡或極少加糖與奶精的咖啡。
另外針對近年流行的能量飲料(Energy Drinks),卡波哈特提出隱憂。
高咖啡因含量:許多標榜健康的能量飲料(如 Celsius、Alani Nu 等)單罐即含有約 200 毫克咖啡因,已達 FDA 每日建議上限(400 毫克)的一半。
疊加效應:即使標榜無糖,如果同時飲用咖啡與能量飲料,極易超過每日安全的咖啡因攝取總量。
卡波哈特說明咖啡因的負面影響。卡波哈特表示,咖啡因過量易導致心悸、焦慮,且咖啡因半衰期約 5到6 小時,會破壞睡眠深度與品質。同時長期飲用會產生耐受性;突然停止可能引發頭痛、疲倦與腦霧。孕婦、心律不整患者及慢代謝者應格外謹慎。
最後針對咖啡因的攝取方式,卡波哈特提出3點建議:成人每日咖啡因上限建議為 400 毫克;睡前 8到10 小時停止攝取咖啡因;注意日常隱性咖啡因來源,包括能量飲料、給運動員吃的能量膠、止痛藥、汽水等。

Director of Health Ronald Lam Man-kin warned that unvaccinated children and elderly in Hong Kong are four to five times more likely to suffer serious complications or death from flu, citing rising infections and hospitalization rates significantly above last year's levels.

As the Mid-Autumn Festival is approaching, the National Health Service reminds the public that mooncakes are high in calories. One traditional pine nut and lotus paste mooncake has about 720 calories, which is equivalent to 2.5 bowls of white rice. When grilling meat, you need to avoid scorching the ingredients and being exposed to oil fumes for a long time. Follow the three principles of "low calories, avoid scorching, and prevent oil fumes". It is recommended to choose a ventilated outdoor place, eat vegetables and fruits, and eat sugar-free to maintain a balanced diet.

After autumn, high temperatures may still occur due to "autumn tiger". Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners remind that the focus of heatstroke prevention should shift from simply preventing high temperatures to paying attention to body heat dissipation and water balance. If symptoms such as dizziness and headache occur, you should rest, cool down and rehydrate, and seek medical treatment if necessary.

Cai Xiaowen, chairman of the National Federation of Counseling Psychiatrists Associations of the Republic of China, pointed out that in recent years, the number of people seeking psychological counseling due to debt problems has increased, especially among those aged 45 to 64 who are under multiple pressures on finances, family, health, and care for relatives and friends, but are less accustomed to asking for help. The Ministry of Health and Welfare held a press conference on World Suicide Prevention Day, emphasizing changing the suicide narrative. Financial personnel will receive suicide prevention and gatekeeper education training to identify early signs of help and assist in referrals to psychological services.

A randomized crossover trial conducted by a team from the University of Barcelona in Spain on 42 healthy middle-aged people showed that after consuming concentrated tomato products daily for 3 months, the subjects' performance in attention, processing speed and associative memory tests improved. 14 of them underwent brain scans and observed changes in the neural network connections between the fronto-parietal lobe and the auditory area. The study was small and not blinded. The results are preliminary findings and cannot be used as medical guidance.

A man in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province inserted a 55cm live eel into his body through his anus and suffered abdominal pain for more than 10 hours before seeking medical treatment. The doctor's examination found that the eel had stretched across multiple sections of the intestine, causing multiple ulcers, mucosal congestion and erosion. The man was successfully removed after a multi-disciplinary medical team worked together, and the man was discharged from the hospital smoothly after the operation.