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Back歐洲多國領袖將舉行北極峰會 聚焦安全與防衛投資
歐洲多國領袖將舉行北極峰會 聚焦安全與防衛投資
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自由时报18 minutes agoDefense3 min readChinaView translation

歐洲多國領袖將舉行北極峰會 聚焦安全與防衛投資

隨著俄羅斯軍事威脅升高、中國尋求立足及美國對格陵蘭的意圖,歐洲多國領袖將於芬蘭羅文尼米鎮舉行北極峰會,討論加強北極安全與防衛投資。

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歐洲多國領袖13日將於芬蘭羅文尼米鎮舉行北極峰會,因應俄羅斯威脅、中國影響力及美國對格陵蘭動向,討論加強北極安全、防衛投資與軍事機動性。

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Why It Matters

歐洲多國領袖於芬蘭羅文尼米鎮舉行北極峰會,研擬新版北極戰略以因應地緣政治變化。

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歐洲多國領袖13日將在芬蘭北極區邊緣羅文尼米鎮(Rovaniemi)舉行北極峰會,隨著大國在北極的角力升高,這場峰會將討論加強對北極的安全和防衛投資,強化歐洲在該區域影響力。

彭博12日報導,在俄羅斯軍事威脅升高、中國也正尋求在北極立足,加上美國總統川普欲取得格陵蘭的情況下,這場「歐洲北極峰會」(European Arctic Summit)攸關歐盟在北極的影響力。東道主芬蘭總理歐爾波(Petteri Orpo)表示,北極「正成為各方利益匯聚之處」,歐美正面臨與俄羅斯和中國競爭北極的利用和掌控,「因此,美國與歐洲有共同利益要共同行動」。

峰會時值歐盟正在研擬新版北極戰略。根據彭博取得的峰會公報草案,與會領袖預料將呼籲歐盟,在歐洲北極地區承擔「更具戰略性且更積極主動角色」,投入與地緣政治現實變化相符的「充足資源」;也強調有必要提高「軍事機動性」投資,即調動北大西洋公約組織(NATO)部隊和軍備所需的基礎設施;當中特別指出「關鍵且迫切需要」的領域,如強化道路、鐵路等運輸連結,以及數位通訊、衛星技術,和因應混合威脅的能力。

草案說,「俄羅斯強化在北極影響力的野心,加上其對歐洲的敵意,包括日益升高的混合行動,都凸顯強化歐洲北極政策的必要性」。

芬蘭與俄羅斯接壤1340公里,鄰近的俄羅斯柯拉半島(Kola Peninsula)是俄國核嚇阻力量部署重鎮,包括北方艦隊、潛艦及大量空中兵力。

歐盟執委會已提出下一期預算中編列1310億歐元投入國防、安全與太空,是現行預算的5倍,軍事機動性支出則將增加10倍,另外也正投入2億歐元,加強與格陵蘭的關係。峰會也將討論歐洲國家共同採購或共同擁有破冰船。歐爾波說,「防衛歐洲,就在這裡」,強化北方不僅符合芬蘭的利益,「也符合歐洲整體利益」。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 歐盟將在下一期預算中增加防衛與軍事機動性支出

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 歐盟新版北極戰略最終具體預算分配為何?
  • 各國如何落實共同採購破冰船計劃?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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