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Back美国财政部警告将打击滥用ETF规避应税收益的行为
美国财政部警告将打击滥用ETF规避应税收益的行为
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

美国财政部警告将打击滥用ETF规避应税收益的行为

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美国财政部警告将严厉打击滥用ETF规避应税收益的行为,特别是针对“351转换”策略,国税局裁定部分交易将被视为应税交易。此举是华府遏制富裕投资人利用策略减税的第一步,对冲基金相关规模已超900亿美元。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

近年来,美国富裕投资人通过ETF等工具进行税收规划以减少资本利得税负,其中“351转换”是一种常见策略。

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美國財政部警告,將打擊濫用ETF來規避應稅收益的行為。(彭博資料照)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕美國財政部週一(28日)警告,可能會嚴厲打擊「潛在的濫用」策略,並發佈一項裁決,旨在打擊濫用ETF來規避應稅收益的行為,這是華府為了打擊美國富裕投資人利用一系列策略減少稅收所採取第一步。

《金融時報》報導,美財政部在通知中表示,團隊正在調查旨在產生可能與相關聯邦稅收規則的目的和正確應用不符的稅收結果有關策略的使用情況。在一項配套裁決中,美國國稅局針對的是一種名為「351轉換」的策略,這項策略允許資產增值的投資人重新平衡投資組合,而無需產生應稅收益。

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近年來,幫助美國富人最大限度減少稅負的策略愈來愈受歡迎,受惠於美國股市的繁榮,一些投資人將關注點轉移到「稅收超額收益(tax alpha)」,即透過降低稅負獲得的收益。

根據《金融時報》計算,從2025年初到今年4月,提供這項策略的對沖基金累積超過900億美元(約新台幣2.86兆元)。自2021年以來,利用351轉換建立的ETF已累計籌集至少210億美元(約新台幣6688.50億元)。

這是利用ETF優惠稅收待遇的幾種策略之一,美國投資人通常可以透過與造市者進行「實體」交易來避免繳納資本利得稅,這樣就不會產生現金交易。但美國國稅局週一裁定,將把其中一些交易視為應稅交易。

美國財政部長貝森特在社群平台X表示,當局對這些轉換的態度很明確,他們在現行法律下「行不通」。貝森特補充,財政部非常重視打擊旨在逃稅或鑽聯邦稅法漏洞的交易。

財政部的通知稱,他們正在尋求有關一系列「避稅基金使用策略」的更多訊息以及包括351轉換在內的ETF操作清單。這份書面通知代表著財政部自7月在一次產業行動中表示有興趣調查稅務策略以來,首次採取升級行動,當時財政部官員警告,他們不會對激進的稅務規劃「視而不見」。

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What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美国财政部将在未来几周内发布更详细的监管细则

    Likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 监管具体措施何时落实?
  • 哪些类型的ETF交易将被重点打击?
  • 是否会影响合法的税务规划工具?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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