
中国气象局举行2026年10月新闻发布会介绍厄尔尼诺最新监测情况
中国气象局国家气候中心主任巢清尘在2026年10月新闻发布会上表示,赤道中东太平洋已于5月进入厄尔尼诺状态,预计将形成有监测记录以来最强的超强厄尔尼诺事件,峰值预计出现在11月前后。
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我国以中东太平洋关键海区海水表面温度指标作为厄尔尼诺相关判别依据。此前自有监测记录以来共出现过三次超强厄尔尼诺事件。
中新网9月29日电 9月29日下午,中国气象局举行2026年10月新闻发布会。会上国家气候中心主任巢清尘介绍了厄尔尼诺最新监测情况。
巢清尘称,我国以中东太平洋关键海区海水表面温度指标作为厄尔尼诺相关判别依据,当海表温度距平指数(某一时段平均气温与同期气候基准值的差值)连续3个月达到或超0.5℃时,表明已进入厄尔尼诺状态。若该状态持续5个月及以上,则判定为一次厄尔尼诺事件。厄尔尼诺事件强度可分为四个等级:弱事件(峰值≥0.5℃且<1.3℃)、中等事件(≥1.3℃且<2.0℃)、强事件(≥2.0℃且<2.5℃)和超强事件(≥2.5℃)。
根据国家气候中心监测,赤道中东太平洋已于2026年5月进入厄尔尼诺状态。其后海温指数继续快速升高,夏季(6—8月)平均值为2.09℃,8月指数已达2.59℃,9月以来赤道中东太平洋海温持续增暖,第1~5候的监测区海温指数分别为2.70℃、2.94℃、3.01℃、3.01℃、3.02℃,为有监测记录以来候和旬尺度海温指数首次突破3℃。据国家气候中心预测,赤道中东太平洋海表温度将继续呈波动上升态势,海温指数峰值预计出现在11月前后,为3.2℃~3.5℃,将明显高于历史最大值(2.8℃,2014—2016年超强厄尔尼诺事件峰值),形成一次有监测记录以来最强的超强厄尔尼诺事件。
自有监测记录以来,此前共出现过三次超强厄尔尼诺事件,分别发生于1982—1983年、1997—1998年和2015—2016年。当前海温监测指数及其增暖速率均显著高于上述三次事件的同期水平。
随后,巢清尘指出,厄尔尼诺的快速发展对我国今年汛期的气候影响明显,中东部地区降水总体呈“南北多、中间少”格局,涝重于旱。当前厄尔尼诺还将继续发展,并将对全球和我国今年秋冬季和明年春夏季气候产生影响。
预计今年秋季(10—11月),我国中东部大部降水偏多,江南大部和西南地区东部局部偏多5~8成,极端降水及山洪、滑坡、泥石流等风险高;华西秋雨总体偏多,呈“南多北少”空间分布;内蒙古西南部、西北地区东北部等地降水偏少超过2~5成,气象干旱和森林草原火险风险较高。有1~2个台风登陆或影响我国,强度偏强,以西行和西北行为主,华南和华东沿海地区暴雨洪涝、大风和风暴潮灾害风险高。
预计冬季(2026年12月至2027年2月),我国气温总体偏高,寒潮频次略偏多,气温冷暖起伏大;降水总体偏多,需重点防范阶段性强寒潮和南方低温雨雪冰冻影响。预计2027年春夏季,厄尔尼诺将快速衰减至结束,但对我国气候的影响仍然显著,极端天气气候事件增多,气温明显偏高,夏季高温热浪强度更强、范围更广。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
赤道中东太平洋海温指数峰值将出现在11月前后,达3.2℃~3.5℃
Likely · Within months

The Central Meteorological Administration predicts that tomorrow (30th) the weather will be sunny and hot in various places, with the high temperature reaching 35 degrees. Affected by two waves of northeast monsoon relay starting from Thursday night, the weather in the northern part of the windward side and Yilan turned to rain, and the temperature dropped accordingly. In addition, the Meteorological Administration reminds the coast from New Taipei to Changhua and Penghu to pay attention to seawater intrusion caused by annual spring tides.

The Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Department has issued a weather forecast for the National Day holiday. The weather is expected to be "sunny with rain, fog, wind and frost" during the holiday. Generally, it will be sunny but the temperature will be low. There will be moderate rain and strong convection in the area on the 3rd, and there will be heavy fog at night on the 4th. Strong winds and frost will take turns. The public needs to pay more attention when traveling.

Data released by the China Meteorological Administration shows that since September, China's average precipitation has been 17.1% less than the same period in normal years. The autumn rains in West China have been 13 days late, and Hainan and other places have suffered severe rainstorms and floods. It is expected that precipitation in places such as Jiangnan and the eastern part of Southwest China will be significantly higher in October than in the same period in normal years.

The China Meteorological Administration stated on the 29th that due to the influence of El Niño, the temperature in China is expected to be generally high in the winter of 2026/2027. The strongest super El Niño event in the history of monitoring records is expected to form in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific, which will have a significant impact on China's climate in autumn and winter and next spring and summer.

The Taitung monkey problem in Luye, Taitung, is becoming increasingly serious. Not only farmers are affected, but macaques are frequently found in tourist spots. County councilor Pan Guilan is worried that the monkey population will exceed the population; councilor Xu Jinrong is dissatisfied with the ineffective prevention and control results, and proposed "monkey school" demonstrations and other angry words in the council, highlighting the current situation of local wild macaque control difficulties and the gradual failure of monkey cages.

The Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau reported that Guangdong entered the flood season on March 29, 2026, with average precipitation 14% higher than normal. Yangchun, Shanwei, and Xinhui broke local historical rainfall records for the same period. There will be thunderstorms in the early stage of the National Day holiday, and the temperature will drop by 3℃ to 5℃ due to the influence of cold air in the middle period.