
中国科普作家协会发布《科学玩具分类和功能要求》,作为中国首个科学玩具团体标准,明确科学玩具的定义、分类及功能要求,旨在规范行业发展并提升科学教育效果。
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科学玩具行业长期缺乏统一界定和无序分类,亟需规范标准来指导研发、生产和消费。
中新网北京9月4日电 (记者 孙自法)如何界定科学玩具、科学玩具有哪些类别、有什么基本要求和功能要求……作为中国首个科学玩具团体标准,中国科普作家协会9月4日发布的《科学玩具分类和功能要求》给出了明确答案。
科学玩具团体标准封面。(官网截图)
业界专家称,该团体标准的正式发布,将有助于改变科学玩具行业长期缺乏统一界定、无序分类的现状,为科学玩具的研发设计、生产制造和消费使用提供规范指引。
明确科学玩具定义与分类
《科学玩具分类和功能要求》将科学玩具定义为:依据科学技术原理设计,将科学技术知识、原理或方法融入玩乐体验,通过玩耍、观察、实验、测量、建构等一种或多种方式,引导使用者认识相关科学知识、原理或方法,兼具娱乐性和科技教育属性的玩具产品。
科学玩具可按照受众年龄、主要玩法、科技教育功能和科学技术领域等维度进行分类,同一产品可同时具有多个分类属性。
按受众年龄,分为婴幼儿、学龄前、儿童、青少年、成年人、老年等科学玩具。
按主要玩法,包括观察感知类、实验探究类、测量实践类、组装搭建类、编程控制类、模拟推演类、其他类。
按科技教育功能,分为科学现象与原理认知类、科学测量与仪器认知类、科学实验与探究实践类、模型与系统认知类、技术与工程实践类、综合科学实践类。
按科技领域,分为物质科学类、生命科学类、地球与空间科学类、技术与工程类、数学与信息科学类、跨学科综合类。
坚持“科技向善”价值导向
最新发布科学玩具团体标准提出的基本要求包括:科学玩具的内容应符合有关法律法规,遵守社会与科技伦理、公序良俗,坚持“科技向善”的价值导向,不应包含任何违背社会道德或者可能对使用者造成不良影响的内容。
同时,科学玩具在正常使用及可合理预见的非正常使用情况下,不应对使用者造成伤害,符合相关标准规范。
其功能要求,则涵盖科学准确性、科学引导性、科学适应性以及趣味性与参与性、美观性与辨识性。
更好发挥科学玩具的作用
中国科普作家协会介绍,科普创作的发展,既离不开好的科普作家,也离不开适宜的科普形态,科学玩具是科技与文化深度融合、寓教于乐的典型形态,也是开展科学普及、提升全民科学素质的重要载体。
该协会专门成立科学玩具委员会,立足中国玩具产业基础与全民科学素质建设需求,组织研制并发布国内首个专门针对科学玩具的团体标准——《科学玩具分类和功能要求》,第一次为“科学玩具”给出明确定义,既助力引导科学玩具行业规范化、高质量发展,也将更好发挥科学玩具在科学启蒙、科学教育及科学素质提升中的作用。(完)

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