
我国首艘大洋钻探船“梦想”号近日完成南海大洋钻探试钻任务返回广州,航次历时30天,在4100米水深海域完成2口井钻探取心,成功钻获南海洋盆玄武岩样品,使我国深海钻探取心能力提升至5000米级,成为全球第三个利用钻探船钻获深海洋盆硬岩样品的国家。
AI-generated summary
此次试钻是“梦想”号入列后在大洋科学钻探领域的首秀,此前该船已开展一系列试验和作业任务。本次任务旨在验证其超深水大洋科学钻探全流程作业能力。
记者今天从自然资源部中国地质调查局了解到,近日,我国首艘大洋钻探船“梦想”号,完成南海大洋钻探试钻任务返回广州,本航次历时30天,在我国南海4100米水深海域,完成2口井的钻探取心任务,成功钻获南海洋盆玄武岩样品,掌握了超深水大洋科学钻探全流程作业能力。
此次试钻是“梦想”号入列后,在大洋科学钻探领域的“首秀”,实现了南海构造演化科学研究、取心体系构建、国产核心钻探装备应用等多项突破,将我国深海钻探取心作业能力提升至5000米级,成为全球第三个利用钻探船成功钻获深海洋盆硬岩样品的国家。
△最大完钻深度4929.17米
“梦想”号南海大洋钻探试钻航次首席科学家孙珍介绍,这是“梦想”号开展大洋科学钻探的“首秀”。之前,“梦想”号开展了一系列试验和作业任务。这个航次是围绕“梦想”号四种作业功能中的大洋科学钻探工作开展的,完全按照国际大洋钻探的工作流程和船上系列测试内容等开展的一次试钻。
最大完钻深度超4929米,最大进尺864.77米。我国首艘大洋钻探船“梦想”号,用世界一流的“成绩单”宣告自己的大洋科学钻探“首秀”完美收官。
△“梦想”号
孙珍介绍,这次任务,刷新了我国自主实施最大作业水深钻探纪录,使我国深海钻探高效取心作业能力迈入国际先进行列。团队使用自主研发的回转取心钻具成功钻获4.27米玄武岩岩心样品,使我国成为继美国、日本之后,全球第三个利用钻探船钻获深海洋盆硬岩样品的国家。
此外,孙珍表示,全球大洋底部的玄武岩,通常分布在深水和超深水区域,水深在1000—7000米范围内,玄武岩的特征就是质地非常坚硬,给钻探取心工作带来不少困难。
△钻井部取心作业
本次试钻任务过程中,科学家们不仅构建起与国际大洋钻探(IODP)同等水准的取心作业体系,多个作业回次取心率突破100%,取心效率、质量和作业稳定性也达到国际大洋钻探(IODP)先进水平。
孙珍介绍,团队创新构建起超深水高难度井钻探风险防控与应急处置体系;首次开展船载深海遥控潜水器(ROV)长时间、高强度连续协同作业,2台潜水器在4000米水下累计作业超358小时,单次连续作业最长103小时,作业能力达到国际先进水平;首次按照国际大洋钻探(IODP)标准,现场完成岩心样品的采集、整理、编录、切剖、扫描、取样、测试、入库等全流程多参数处理分析,掌握了超深水大洋科学钻探全流程作业能力。
△科学家现场处理岩心样品
在钻取硬岩岩心的过程中,团队发现了大洋红层与绿-暗绿色的“沉积互层组合”。这对研究南海的古环境演化以及当下全球气候变化,都具有重要价值。
孙珍介绍,这次钻探时看到最多的是红层和绿层,就分别代表着气候暖和气候冷的时候,大自然调节作用基本上是气候变化的主要动力。这些信号可以帮人们去做更多的模拟工作,了解地球真实的碳的变化。
△“梦想”号
此次南海试钻,仅仅是“梦想”号叩问深海的序曲。凭借日趋完备的超深水钻探能力,人类“打穿莫霍面、直抵上地幔”的宏大科学愿景,正随着中国人的深海触角不断向地球深部延伸而逐步照进现实。
监制丨王磊
记者丨王泽华
图片丨自然资源部中国地质调查局
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
“梦想”号将继续执行更深海域的科学钻探任务,目标水深将突破5000米
Likely · Within months

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