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Back自由開講》洪昱睿:在日本、南韓眼中,台灣究竟排在什麼位置?
自由開講》洪昱睿:在日本、南韓眼中,台灣究竟排在什麼位置?
Politics
自由时报1 hour agoPolitics4 min readChinaView translation

自由開講》洪昱睿:在日本、南韓眼中,台灣究竟排在什麼位置?

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日本跨黨派國會議員赴北京修補因「存立危機」言論而惡化的日中關係,南韓也積極修復對中關係並面對美國縮減軍演。作者洪昱睿指出,國際政治非靠同情,台灣應思考如何讓台海和平成為日韓無法忽略的自身利益。

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Why It Matters

日本首相高市早苗先前談及台灣遭攻擊可能構成日本「存立危機」,導致日中關係惡化。同時南韓正修復與中國關係並面對美國縮減軍演。

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◎ 洪昱睿

日本跨黨派國會議員日前前往北京,試圖修補因首相高市早苗先前談及台灣遭攻擊可能構成日本「存立危機」而惡化的日中關係。幾乎同一時間,美國又縮減部分美韓聯合軍事演習,韓國則持續修復與中國的關係。把這些事情放在一起看,台灣或許應該問:在日本、南韓眼中,台灣究竟排在什麼位置?

日本高度關注台海,首先不是因為「支持台灣」,而是台海若發生重大危機,很可能直接牽動日本自身安全。高市早苗所說的「存立危機」,本身就是從日本國家安全與法律框架出發。日本今天派議員赴北京修補關係,也正說明外交不會只有一條路。

日本跨黨派國會議員日前前往北京,試圖修補因首相高市早苗先前談及台灣遭攻擊可能構成日本「存立危機」而惡化的日中關係。(彭博檔案照)所以,台灣可能一直聽錯了一件事:日本談「台灣有事」,不等於日本承諾「台灣有事、日本一定出手」。日本真正計算的,是什麼樣的台海危機會危及日本,進而迫使日本採取行動。

南韓則是另一面鏡子。

李在明政府一方面強調美韓同盟與自身防衛能力,另一方面也積極修復韓中關係。王毅日前訪問首爾,公開要求韓國不要在中美戰略競爭中選邊,韓中也正尋求恢復更多高層交流。另一方面,美國縮減部分軍演,又讓首爾重新面對北韓安全與美國承諾之間的複雜計算。

南韓當然有自己的北韓問題,也有龐大的對中經貿利益,試圖在大國之間爭取空間並不難理解。但如果韓國只把台海看成美中競爭的一部分,就可能低估台灣對韓國自己的重要性。

台海一旦發生重大危機,牽動的可能不只是台灣與中國,還包括美韓同盟、駐韓美軍部署、北韓的戰略判斷,以及南韓高度依賴的海運與半導體供應鏈。近來美國對亞洲安全承諾的調整,更提醒韓國:台海問題很難永遠是「別人的問題」。

朝鮮歷史上的「事大」當然不能直接套用到今日南韓,但一個長期處於大國夾縫中的國家,究竟是先看大國怎麼動,再決定自己怎麼走,還是先思考自己的國家利益,再決定與誰合作,仍值得韓國思考。

台灣也一樣。國際政治不是朋友投票,而是國家利益的計算。

真正值得台灣爭取的,不是別人因為同情而支持台灣,而是讓台海和平成為日本、南韓乃至更多國家無法忽略的自身利益。

Open Questions

  • 日本未來在台海危機時的實際應對為何?
  • 南韓如何平衡美韓同盟與對中經貿利益?

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